Kazhinji, mavharuvhu emuindasitiri haaedzwe simba kana achishandiswa, asi muviri wevharuvhu nevharuvhu mushure mekugadzirisa kana muviri wevharuvhu nevharuvhu zvine kukuvara kwengura zvinofanirwa kuyedzwa simba. Kune mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, kumanikidzwa kwakaiswa uye kumanikidzwa kwechigaro chekudzokera pamwe nemimwe miedzo zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zviri mumirairo yavo nemitemo yakakodzera. Vharuvhu inofanira kuyedzwa simba nekuvhara mushure mekuiswa. 20% yemavharuvhu ane pressure yakaderera anoongororwa zvisina tsarukano, uye kana asina kukodzera, anofanira kuongororwa 100%; mavharuvhu epakati neakakwira anofanira kuongororwa 100%. Midziyo inowanzoshandiswa pakuyedzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu imvura, mafuta, mhepo, utsi, nitrogen, nezvimwewo. Nzira dzekuongorora kumanikidzwa kwemavharuvhu akasiyana-siyana eindasitiri kusanganisira mavharuvhu epneumatic ndeidzi:

1. Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwemavharuvhu ebhora

Kuedza simba remavharuvhu ebhora anofambiswa nemhepo kunofanirwa kuitwa bhora rakavhurika hafu.

① Kuedza kuvhara vharuvhu yebhora rinoyangarara: isa vharuvhu muchimiro chekuvhura hafu, isa muedzo wepakati kune rumwe rutivi, wovhara rumwe rutivi; tendeudza bhora kakawanda, vhura mugumo wakavharwa kana vharuvhu iri muchimiro chekuvharwa, uye tarisa mashandiro ekuvhara kwepakeji negasket panguva imwe chete. Hapafanirwe kuva nekubuda kwemvura. Wobva waisa muedzo wepakati kubva kune rumwe rutivi wodzokorora bvunzo iri pamusoro apa.

②Kuedza kuvharwa kwevharuvhu yebhora yakagadziriswa: Musati maedza, tenderera bhora kakawanda pasina mutoro, vharuvhu yebhora yakagadziriswa inenge yakavharwa, uye nzira yekuedza inounzwa kubva kumucheto mumwe kusvika kune kukosha kwakataurwa; shandisa pressure gauge kuti utarise mashandiro ekuvhara kwemugumo wekupinda, uye shandisa pressure gauge ine kururama kwe 0.5 kusvika 1 level uye huwandu hwe 1.5 kakapetwa kumanikidzwa kwemuedzo. Mukati menguva yakatarwa, kana pasina kudonha kwekumanikidzwa, inokodzera; wobva waisa test medium kubva kune mumwe mugumo wodzokorora bvunzo iri pamusoro. Zvadaro, vharuvhu inenge iri muchimiro chekuvhurika hafu, mativi ese akavharwa, mukati memukati makazara ne medium, uye kurongedza ne gasket zvinoongororwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemuedzo. Hapafanirwe kuva nekubuda kwemvura.

③Mavharuvhu ebhora ane nzira nhatu anofanira kuongororwa kuti anovharwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.

2. Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yekutarisa

Mamiriro ekuyedza vharuvhu rekuongorora: Akisi yedhisiki revharuvhu revharuvhu rekuongorora rinosimudza iri panzvimbo yakatarisana neyakatwasuka; akisi yechiteshi neakisi yedhisiki revharuvhu revharuvhu rekuongorora rinotenderera zviri panzvimbo inenge yakaenzana nemutsetse wakatwasuka.

Munguva yekuedza simba, nzira yekuedza inopinzwa kubva kumagumo ekupinda kusvika kune kukosha kwakatarwa, uye rimwe mugumo rinovharwa. Zvinogoneka kuona kuti hapana kubuda kwemvura mumuviri wevharuvhu nevharuvhu.

Kuyedzwa kwekuvharira kunounza nzira yekuyedza kubva kumagumo ekubuditsa, uye kunoongorora nzvimbo yekuvharira iri kumagumo ekupinza. Kurongedza negasket zvinobvumidzwa kana pasina kubuda kwemvura.

3. Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yekuderedza kudzvanywa

① Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidzwa kunowanzo unganidzwa mushure mekuedzwa kamwe chete, uye kunogonawo kuyedzwa mushure mekubatanidzwa. Nguva yekuedza simba: 1min yeDN<50mm; anopfuura 2min yeDN65~150mm; anopfuura 3min yeDN>150mm. Mushure mekunge maburi nekubatanidzwa zvasunganidzwa, kuyedzwa kwesimba kunoitwa nemhepo ine kumanikidzwa kwakapetwa ka1.5 kupfuura kwakanyanya mushure mevharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidzwa.

② Bvunzo yekuvhara inoitwa zvichienderana nechinhu chaicho chinoshanda. Pakuyedza nemhepo kana mvura, bvunzo inoitwa ne1.1 kakapetwa kanomwe kanomwe kanomwe; pakuyedza nemhepo, bvunzo inoitwa nemhepo yepamusoro inobvumirwa patembiricha yekushanda. Musiyano uripo pakati pemhepo inopinza nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo unodiwa kuti usingasviki 0.2MPa. Nzira yekuedza ndeiyi: mushure mekunge mhepo inopinza yaiswa, gadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma sikuruu yekugadzirisa yevharuvhu kuitira kuti mhepo inoburitsa igone kuchinja zvakanyanya uye nguva dzose mukati mehuwandu hwepamusoro uye hushoma, uye pasave nekumira kana kuvharika. Kune mavharuvhu anoderedza kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, kana mhepo inopinza yagadziriswa, vharuvhu yekudzima iri seri kwevharuvhu inovharwa, uye mhepo inoburitsa ndiyo yakanyanya uye yakaderera. Mukati memaminitsi maviri, kukwira kwemhepo inoburitsa kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zveTafura 4.176-22. Panguva imwe chete, vhoriyamu yepombi iri seri kwevharuvhu inosangana nezvinodiwa zveTafura 4.18 kune vanokwanisa; Pamavharuvhu ekuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemvura nemhepo, kana kumanikidzwa kwekupinda kwagadziriswa uye kumanikidzwa kwekubuda kwacho kuri zero, vharuvhu rekuderedza kumanikidzwa rinovharwa kuti rivharwe, uye hapana kubuda mukati memaminitsi maviri kunobvumidzwa.

4. Nzira yekuyedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yeshavishavi

Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu remapuruguru rinotenderera mweya kwakafanana nekwevharuvhu rinomira. Kuedza kushanda kwevharuvhu remapuruguru kunofanidza kuisa nzira yekuyedza kubva kumagumo ekuyerera kwemvura, ndiro yemapuruguru inofanira kuvhurwa, rimwe divi rinofanira kuvharwa, uye kumanikidzwa kunofanira kuiswa kusvika pahuwandu hwakatarwa; mushure mekutarisa kuti hapana kubuda kwemvura mupakeji nezvimwe zvikamu zvekuvhara, vhara ndiro yemapuruguru, vhura rimwe divi, uye tarisa kuti hapana kubuda kwemvura muchikamu chekuvhara mapuruguru kuti uwane magwaro akakodzera. Vharuvhu yemapuruguru inoshandiswa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura haifanirwe kuongororwa kushanda kwekuvhara.

5. Nzira yekuyedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yeplug

① Kana vharuvhu yepuragi yaongororwa kusimba kwayo, nzira yacho inopinzwa kubva kumucheto mumwe, imwe nzira yese inovharwa, uye puragi inotenderedzwa kunzvimbo dzakavhurika dzekushanda kuti iongororwe. Muviri wevharuvhu unonyatsoonekwa kana pasina kubuda kwemvura kwakawanikwa.

② Munguva yekuyedza kuvhara, vharuvhu yepuragi yakatwasuka inofanira kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kuri mugomba kwakaenzana nekuri mupassage, kutenderedza puragi kuenda kunzvimbo yakavharwa, kutarisa kubva kune rimwe divi, uye wozotenderedza puragi 180° kuti udzokorore bvunzo iri pamusoro apa; vharuvhu yepuragi yenzira nhatu kana ina inofanira kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kuri mugomba kwakaenzana nekuri kune rimwe divi repassage, kutenderedza puragi kuenda kunzvimbo yakavharwa, kuisa kumanikidzwa kubva kumagumo ekona yekurudyi, uye kutarisa kubva kune mamwe magumo panguva imwe chete.

Usati waedza vharuvhu remapulagi, unobvumirwa kuisa mafuta ekuzora asina asidhi pamusoro pechisimbiso. Kana pasina kubuda kwemvura kana madonhwe emvura akakura mukati menguva yakatarwa, zvinotenderwa. Nguva yekuedza vharuvhu remapulagi inogona kupfupika, inowanzo tsanangurwa semaminitsi 1 kusvika ku3 zvichienderana nedhayamita rezita.

Vharuvhu yepuragi yegesi inofanira kuongororwa kuti ione kana mhepo yakasimba uye ine simba rakapetwa ka1.25 pane simba rekushanda.

6. Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwemavharuvhu ediaphragm. Kuedza kusimba kwemavharuvhu ediaphragm ndekwekuisa medium kubva kumagumo ese, kuvhura dhisiki revharuvhu, uye kuvhara rimwe divi. Mushure mekunge kudzvanywa kwekuyedzwa kwakwira kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa, tarisa kana pasina kubuda kwemvura mumuviri wevharuvhu nevharuvhu. Wobva waderedza kudzvanywa kusvika pakudzvanywa kwekuyedzwa kwekuvhara, vhara dhisiki revharuvhu, vhura rimwe divi kuti uongorore, uye pfuura kana pasina kubuda kwemvura.

7. Nzira yekuyedza kudzvanywa kwemavharuvhu ekumisa uye mavharuvhu ethrottle

Pakuyedzwa kwesimba remavharuvhu ekumisa uye mavharuvhu ekupinza, mavharuvhu akaunganidzwa anowanzoiswa mu pressure test rack, vharuvhu redhisiki rinovhurwa, medium inopinzwa kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa, uye muviri wevharuvhu nechifukidziro chevharuvhu zvinoongororwa kuti hazvina kudikitira here kana kuti hazvina kubuda. Kuyedzwa kwesimba kunogonawo kuitwa pachidimbu chimwe chete. Kuyedzwa kwekuvharwa kunongoitwa chete pamavharuvhu ekumisa. Munguva yekuyedzwa, tsinde yevharuvhu ye stop valve iri mumamiriro akamira, vharuvhu redhisiki rinovhurwa, uye medium inounzwa kubva pasi pevharuvhu redhisiki kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa, uye kurongedza negasket zvinoongororwa; mushure mekupasa bvunzo, vharuvhu redhisiki rinovharwa uye rimwe mugumo rinovhurwa kuti rione kana paine kubuda. Kana bvunzo dzese dzesimba revharuvhu nesealing dzichizoitwa, test yesimba inogona kutanga yaitwa, uye ipapo kumanikidzwa kunogona kuderedzwa kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa wekuyedzwa kwekumisa, uye kurongedza negasket zvinogona kuongororwa; ipapo vharuvhu redhisiki rinogona kuvharwa uye magumo ekubuda anogona kuvhurwa kuti aone kana nzvimbo yekuvharwa iri kudonha.