Chirambidzo 1

Munguva yechando, bvunzo dze hydraulic pressure dzinoitwa patembiricha isina kunaka.

Migumisiro: Nekuti pombi inokurumidza kuoma panguva yekuedzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura, pombi yacho inooma.

Matanho: Edza kuita bvunzo ye hydraulic pressure usati waisa muchando, uye bvisa mvura mushure mebvunzo ye pressure. Kunyanya, mvura iri muvharuvhu inofanira kucheneswa zvachose, zvikasadaro vharuvhu ichaita ngura kana kuita ngura uye kupwanyika zvakanyanya.

Kana bvunzo yekumanikidzwa kwemvura yepurojekiti ichifanira kuitwa munguva yechando, tembiricha yemukati inofanira kuchengetedzwa iri patembiricha yakanaka, uye mvura inofanira kupeperetswa mushure mebvunzo yekumanikidzwa.

Chirambidzo 2

Kana sisitimu yemapaipi isina kusukurudzwa zvakanaka isati yapera, mwero wekuyerera kwemvura uye kumhanya hazvigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekusukurudzwa kwepaipi. Kunyangwe kusukurudzwa kwemvura kunotsiviwa nekusukurudzwa kwemvura kwe hydraulic strength test.

Migumisiro: Hunhu hwemvura hahuna kukwana zvinodiwa nemashandiro ehurongwa hwemapaipi, izvo zvinowanzoita kuti mapaipi adzike kana kuti avharike.

Matanho: Shandisa mwero wepamusoro wekuyerera kwemvura musystem kana kumhanya kwemvura kusingasviki 3m/s pakusuka. Ruvara rwemvura inobuda uye kujeka kwayo zvinofanirwa kuenderana neruvara uye kujeka kwemvura inopinzwa zvichienderana nekutarisa kwemaziso.

Dambudziko 3

Mapaipi etsvina, mvura yemvura uye mapombi emvura anofanira kuvanzwa pasina kuongororwa kuti mvura yakavharwa here.

Migumisiro: Mvura inogona kubuda uye kurasikirwa kwevashandisi kunogona kuitika.

Matanho: Basa rekuyedza mvura yakavharwa rinofanira kuongororwa uye kugamuchirwa zvakanyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa. Tsvina yakavanzika, mvura yemvura inonaya, mapaipi emvura inodziya, nezvimwewo zvakavigwa pasi pevhu, mumasirin'i akarembera, pakati pemapaipi, nezvimwewo zvinofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti hazvipindi mvura inobuda.

Chirambidzo 4

Munguva yekuedza simba remvura (hydraulic strength test) uye tightness yemuchina wepaipi, kuchinja kwesimba remvura chete ndiko kunoonekwa, uye kuongorora kubuda kwemvura hakukwani.

Migumisiro: Kudonha kwemvura kunoitika mushure mekunge sisitimu yemapaipi yatanga kushanda, zvichikanganisa kushandiswa kwakajairika.

Matanho: Kana sisitimu yemapaipi ikaedzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvedhizaini uye zvinodiwa pakuvaka, pamusoro pekunyora kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kana shanduko yehuwandu hwemvura mukati menguva yakatarwa, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kupihwa pakunyatsoongorora kana paine dambudziko rekubuda kwemvura.

Chirambidzo 5

Vharuvhu yeshavishavimashandisirwo eflangeflange yevharuvhu yakajairika.

Migumisiro: Saizi yeflange yevharuvhu yeshavishavi yakasiyana neyeflange yevharuvhu yakajairika. Mamwe maflange ane dhayamita diki yemukati, nepo vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine dhisiki hombe yevharuvhu, zvichiita kuti vharuvhu isavhurike kana kuvhurika zvakasimba, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwevharuvhu.

Matanho: Gadzira plate yeflange zvichienderana nehukuru chaihwo hweflange yevharuvhu yeshavishavi.

Chirambidzo 6

Hakuna maburi akachengetwa uye zvikamu zvakaiswa mukati panguva yekuvakwa kwechivako, kana kuti maburi akachengetwa madiki zvakanyanya uye zvikamu zvakaiswa mukati hazvina kunyorwa.

Mhedzisiro: Panguva yekuvaka mapurojekiti ekudziyisa nekuchenesa, chivako chinochekwa kana kuti simbi dzinotakura zvinonetsa dzinochekwa, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro ekuchengetedza kwechivako.

Matanho: Nyatso ziva madhirowa ekuvaka epurojekiti yekudziyisa nehutsanana, uye shandira pamwe nekushingaira mukuvaka chivakwa kuti uchengetedze maburi nezvikamu zvakaputirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekuisa mapaipi, zvinotsigira uye zvinorembera. Tarisa zvakanyanya zvinodiwa pakugadzira uye zvinodiwa pakuvaka.

Chirambidzo 7

Pakusanganisa mapaipi, majoini akakamurwa emapaipi mushure mekusanganisa haasi pamutsetse wepakati mumwe chete, hapana mukaha unosara wekubatanidza, mapaipi ane madziro akakora haana kupatsanurwa, uye hupamhi nekukwirira kweweld hazvienderane nezvinodiwa zvekuvakwa.

Mhedzisiro: Kusarongeka kwemajoini epombi kunokanganisa zvakananga kunaka kwewelding uye kunaka kwekuona. Kana pasina mukaha pakati pemajoini, pasina kuvharika kwemapombi ane madziro akakora, uye hupamhi nekukwirira kweweld zvisingasvike zvinodiwa, welding haizosangana nezvinodiwa zvesimba.

Matanho: Mushure mekusonera majoini emapombi, mapaipi haafanire kukanganiswa uye anofanira kunge ari pakati; mipata inofanira kusiiwa pamajoini; mapaipi ane madziro akakora anofanira kuchekwa. Pamusoro pezvo, hupamhi nekukwirira kwemusono wekusonera zvinofanira kusunganidzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa.

Chirambidzo 8

Mapaipi acho anovigwa zvakananga muvhu rakaomeswa nechando uye ivhu rakarembera risina kugadziriswa, uye nzvimbo nenzvimbo yemadziro emapaipi hazvina kukodzera, uye kunyange zvidhinha zvakaoma zvinoshandiswa.

Migumisiro: Nekuda kwekutsigira kusina kugadzikana, pombi yakakuvara panguva yekupwanya ivhu rakadzoserwa shure, zvikaita kuti pave nekugadzirisa patsva.

Matanho: Mapaipi haafanirwe kuvigwa muvhu rakaomeswa nechando kana muvhu rakarembera risina kugadziriswa. Nzvimbo iri pakati pemaburi inofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa nezvinodiwa pakuvaka. Mapadhi ekutsigira anofanira kunge akasimba, kunyanya nzvimbo dzemaburi, dzisingafanirwe kukanda. Maburi ezvidhinha anofanira kuvakwa nedhaka resimende kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti akasimba uye akasimba.

Chirambidzo 9

Mabhaudhi ekuwedzera anoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvinotsigira mapaipi haana kunaka, maburi ekuisa mabhaudhi ekuwedzera akakura zvakanyanya, kana kuti mabhaudhi ekuwedzera akaiswa pamadziro ezvidhinha kana kunyange pamadziro akareruka.

Migumisiro: Zvitsigiro zvemapaipi hazvina kusimba uye mapaipi akaremara kana kutodonha.

Matanho: Zvigadzirwa zvakakodzera zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa kuti zvishandiswe pakuwedzera mabhaudhi. Kana zvichidikanwa, kutora sampuro kunofanirwa kuitwa kuti zviongororwe. Dhayamita yegomba rekuisa mabhaudhi ekuwedzera haifanirwe kukura kupfuura dhayamita yekunze yemabhaudhi ekuwedzera ne2 mm. Mabhaudhi ekuwedzera anofanira kushandiswa pazvivakwa zvekongiri.

Chirambidzo 10

Flange negasket zvekubatanidza pombi hazvina kusimba zvakakwana, uye mabhaudhi ekubatanidza mapfupi kana matete mudhayamita. Mapaipi ekupisa anoshandisa rabha, mapaipi emvura inotonhora anoshandisa mapadhi maviri kana mapedhi ebevel, uyemapedhi eflange anobuda mumapombi.

Migumisiro: Kubatana kweflange hakuna kusimba, kana kutokuvara, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura. Flange gasket inobuda mupombi uye inowedzera kuramba kuyerera kwemvura.

Matanho: Mapaipi emagetsi nemagaskets anofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvedhizaini yekushanda kwepaipi.

Mapedhi erabha easbestos anofanira kushandiswa pakuisa maflange linings emapombi ekupisa nemvura inopisa; mapedhi erabha anofanira kushandiswa pakuisa maflange linings emapombi emvura uye ekudhonza mvura.

Gasket reflange harifanirwe kubuda mupombi, uye denderedzwa rayo rekunze rinofanira kusvika paburi reflange bolt. Mapedhi eBevel kana mapedhi akati wandei haafanirwe kuiswa pakati peflange. Dhayamita yebhoti rinobatanidza flange rinofanira kunge riri pasi pe2 mm pane dhayamita yeburi reflange plate. Kureba kwetsvimbo yebhoti inobuda kubva ku nati kunofanira kunge kuri 1/2 yeukobvu hwe nati.