Mvura yepombi(inonziwo mvura yepombi, mvura yepombi kana mvura yemuguta) imvura inounzwa kuburikidza nemapombi nemavharuvhu ekunwa. Mvura yepombi inowanzo shandiswa pakunwa, kubika, kusuka uye kusukira zvimbuzi. Mvura yepombi yemumba inoparadzirwa kuburikidza ne "mapaipi emumba". Rudzi urwu rwemapaipi rwavepo kubvira kare, asi haruna kupihwa kuvanhu vashoma kusvika muhafu yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19 apo rwakatanga kufarirwa munyika dzakabudirira nhasi. Mvura yepombi yakava yakajairika munzvimbo dzakawanda muzana remakore rechi20 uye ikozvino iri kushomeka pakati pevarombo, kunyanya munyika dzichiri kusimukira.

Munyika dzakawanda, mvura yepombi inowanzo shandiswa pakunwa. Masangano ehurumende anowanzo tarisa mhando yemvura yekunwa.mvura yepombiNzira dzekuchenesa mvura dzemumba, dzakadai semafirita emvura, kufashaidza kana kudiridza, dzinogona kushandiswa kurapa kusvibiswa kwehutachiona hwemvura yepombi kuti inweke zvakanaka. Kushandiswa kwetekinoroji (senge nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura) dzinopa mvura yakachena kudzimba, mabhizinesi, nezvivakwa zveveruzhinji inzvimbo huru yehutsanana. Kudana mvura kuti "mvura yepombi" kunoisiyanisa nedzimwe mhando huru dzemvura yakachena dzinogona kuwanikwa; idzi dzinosanganisira mvura inobva mumadziva ekuunganidzira mvura yemvura, mvura inobva mumapombi emumusha kana muguta, mvura inobva mumatsime, kana hova, nzizi, kana madhamu (Kunwa kunogona kusiyana).

kumashure
Kupa mvura yepombi kuvanhu vemumaguta makuru kana kuti nzvimbo dziri pedyo kunoda nzira yakaoma uye yakagadzirwa zvakanaka yekuunganidza, kuchengetera, kugadzirisa, uye kugovera mvura, uye kazhinji ibasa remasangano ehurumende.

Kare, mvura yakawanikwa yakacheneswa yave ichibatanidzwa nekuwedzera kukuru kwehupenyu uye kuvandudzika kwehutano hweveruzhinji. Kuchenesa mvura kunogona kuderedza zvikuru njodzi yezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemvura zvakaita setyphoid fever necholera. Pane kudiwa kukuru kwekuchenesa mvura yekunwa pasi rese. Chlorination ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekuchenesa mvura, kunyangwe chlorine compounds inogona kusangana nezvinhu zviri mumvura uye kugadzira disinfecting by-products (DBP) zvinokonzera matambudziko kuhutano hwevanhu. Mamiriro enzvimbo anokanganisa pasi pevhu ndiwo anonyanya kukonzera kuvapo kwemaion akasiyana-siyana esimbi, ayo anowanzoita kuti mvura ive "nyoro" kana "yakaoma".

Mvura yemupombi ichiri panjodzi yekusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvipenyu kana makemikari. Kusvibiswa kwemvura kuchiri dambudziko guru rehutano pasi rose. Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekunwa mvura yakasviba zvinouraya vana mamiriyoni 1.6 gore rega rega. Kana kusvibiswa kwemvura kuchinzi kunokuvadza hutano hwevanhu, vakuru vehurumende vanowanzopa mazano ekushandiswa kwemvura. Kana paine kusvibiswa kwemvura, zvinowanzokurudzirwa kuti vagari vabikire mvura kana kushandisa mvura yemubhodhoro senzira yekusarudza vasati vanwa. Kana paine kusvibiswa kwemakemikari, vagari vanogona kurayirwa kuti vasanwe mvura yemupombi zvachose kusvika dambudziko racho ragadziriswa.

Munzvimbo dzakawanda, huwandu hushoma hwe fluoride (< 1.0 ppm F) hunowedzerwa nemaune mumvura yepombi kuti hutano hwemazino huve nani, kunyange hazvo "fluoride" ichiri nyaya inokakavadzana mune dzimwe nzvimbo. (Ona gakava remvura fluorination). Zvisinei, kunwa mvura kwenguva refu ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe fluoride (> 1.5 ppm F) kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, yakadai se dental fluorosis, enamel plaque uye skeletal fluorosis, uye mapfupa akaremara muvana. Kukosha kwe fluoride kunoenderana nehuwandu hwe fluoride mumvura, pamwe nekudya kwevanhu uye kurovedza muviri. Nzira dzekubvisa fluoride dzinosanganisira nzira dze membrane-based, precipitation, absorption, uye electrocoagulation.

Mutemo uye kutevedzera mitemo
America
Sangano reUS Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rinotonga mwero unobvumirwa wemamwe matsvina mumichina yemvura yeruzhinji. Mvura yepombi inogonawo kunge iine matsvina akawanda asingatongwi neEPA asi anogona kukuvadza hutano hwevanhu. Michina yemvura yemunharaunda—ayo anoshandira boka rimwe chete revanhu mugore rose—anofanira kupa vatengi "mushumo wekuvimba nevatengi" wegore negore. Mushumo wacho unoratidza matsvina (kana aripo) mumichina yemvura uye unotsanangura migumisiro inogona kuitika pahutano. Mushure meFlint Lead Crisis (2014), vaongorori vakanyanya kutarisisa kudzidza kwemafambiro emhando yemvura yekunwa muUnited States. Mazinga asina kuchengetedzeka e lead akawanikwa mumvura yepombi mumaguta akasiyana, akadai seSebring, Ohio muna Nyamavhuvhu 2015 neWashington, DC muna 2001. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza kuti, paavhareji, inenge 7-8% yemichina yemvura yemunharaunda (CWS) inotyora nyaya dzehutano dzeSafe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) gore rega rega. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwetsvina mumvura yekunwa, kune vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu vane chirwere chegastroenteritis muUnited States gore rega rega.

Vasati vagadzira kana kugadzirisa sisitimu yekupa mvura, vagadziri nemakambani ekugadzira vanofanira kubvunza makodhi epombi dzemuno uye kuwana mvumo yekuvaka vasati vavaka. Kutsiva chitofu chemvura chiripo kungada mvumo uye kuongororwa kwebasa. Mwero wenyika weUS Drinking Water Pipeline Guide igwaro rakasimbiswa neNSF/ANSI 61. NSF/ANSI yakagadzawo mwero wekubvumidzwa kwemakani akawanda, kunyangwe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza zvinhu izvi.