Kunzwisisa Mavharuvhu Ekudzora Steam

Kuti panguva imwe chete kudzikise kumanikidzwa kwemhepo nekupisa kusvika pamwero unodiwa nemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda, mhepomavharuvhu anotongazvinoshandiswa. Mashandisirwo aya anowanzo kuve nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwekupinda uye tembiricha, izvo zvese zvinofanirwa kudzikiswa zvakanyanya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kugadzira nekubatanidza ndiwo maitiro anonyanya kufarirwa ekugadzira ayavharuvhumiviri nekuti inogona kuchengetedza mutoro weutsi zviri nani pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye pakupisa kwakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvinobvumira dhizaini yakakura kupfuura yakagadzirwa nesimbivharuvhumiviri, ine chimiro chekristaro chakagadziriswa zviri nani, uye ine kugadzikana kwezvinhu zviri mukati.

Vagadziri vanogona kupa zviri nyore magiredhi epakati uye kusvika kuKirasi 4500 nekuda kwechimiro chakagadzirwa. Kana kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha zvakaderera kana vharuvhu iri mumutsara ichidikanwa, miviri yemavharuvhu akaumbwa ichiri sarudzo yakanaka.

Rudzi rwevharuvhu yekubatanidza yakagadzirwa pamwe chete inogonesa kuiswa kwenzvimbo yekubuditsa yakarebeswa kuti ikwanise kudzora kumhanya kwemhepo inobuda padanho rekumanikidzwa kwakaderera mukupindura kuchinjika kukuru kunowanzoitika muhunhu hwemhepo inobuda kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwakaderera uye kumanikidzwa. Zvakafanana neizvi, vagadziri vanogona kupa kubatana kwekupinda nekubuda nematanho ekubuda nematanho akasiyana-siyana ekumanikidzwa kuti vaenzanise zviri nani mapaipi ari pedyo mukupindura kuderedzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwemhepo nekushandisa mavharuvhu ekudzora mhepo inobuda yakagadzirwa pamwe chete.

Pamusoro pemabhenefiti aya, kusanganisa mashandiro ekutonhodza uye ekuderedza kumanikidzwa muvharuvhu imwe chete kune mabhenefiti anotevera pamusoro pemayuniti maviri akasiyana:

1. Kusanganisa mvura inopfapfaidzwa zviri nani nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwenzvimbo yekuwedzera yechinhu chinobvisa kumanikidzwa.

2. Chiyero chinoshanduka chakavandudzwa

3. Kuisa nekugadzirisa zviri nyore nekuti chinhu chakagadzirwa.

Tinogona kupa mavharuvhu akasiyana-siyana ekudzora steam kuti tizadzise zvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa. Heano mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika.

vharuvhu yekudzora utsi

Vharuvhu inodzora steam, iyo inomiririra tekinoroji yepamusoro-soro yekudzora tembiricha yesteam uye yekudzora kumanikidzwa, inosanganisa kumanikidzwa kwesteam uye kudzora tembiricha muyuniti imwe chete yekudzora. Nekuwedzera kwemitengo yesimba uye zvinodiwa zvekushanda kwefekitori zvakaoma, mavharuvhu aya anopindura kudiwa kwekutarisira steam zviri nani. Vharuvhu inodzora steam inogona kupa kudzora tembiricha kwakanyanya uye kuderedza ruzha kupfuura nzvimbo yekuderedza tembiricha nekumanikidzwa ine basa rimwe chete, uye hainawo kudziviswa zvakanyanya nezvinodiwa zvepaipi nekuiswa.

Mavharuvhu anotonga mhute ane vharuvhu imwe chete inodzora kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha. Dhizaini, kuvandudzwa, kuvandudzwa kwehunhu, uye kugadzirisa mashandiro uye kuvimbika kwemavharuvhu kunoitwa uchishandisa Finite Element Analysis (FEA) neComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Kuvakwa kwakasimba kwevharuvhu inotonga mhute kunoratidza kuti inogona kutsungirira kudonha kwesimba rese remhute huru, uye kushandisa tekinoroji yekudzikisa ruzha rwevharuvhu inotonga kunobatsira kuderedza ruzha rusingadiwe uye kudedera.

Kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa kunoitika panguva yekutanga kweturbine kunogona kugadziriswa nekugadzirwa kwema "trim" anoshandiswa muma "steam control valves". Kuti ive kwenguva refu uye kuti ikwanise kukura kana yadzoserwa shure nekupisa, keji yacho inoomarara. Valve core ine "continuous guide", uye cobalt inserts dzinoshandiswa kugadzira "tight metal seal" ine "valve seat" pamusoro pekupa zvinhu zvinoitungamirira.

Vharuvhu inotonga mhute ine manifold yekupfapfaidza mvura kana kumanikidzwa kwadzikira. Manifold ine ma nozzles anoshanda nepressure yekumashure uye variable geometry yekuwedzera kusanganiswa kwemvura uye evaporation.

Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunobva pasi pema "centralized condensing systems", uko mamiriro e "saturation" anogona kuitika, ndiko kwaifanirwa kushandiswa "nozzle" iyi pakutanga. Rudzi urwu rwe "nozzle" runowedzera kuchinjika kwemuchina uyu nekugonesa kuyerera kushoma. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemusana pa "dP nozzle". Chimwe chakanakira ndechekuti flash inowanikwa pa "nozzle outlet" pane "sprinkler valve trim" kana "nozzle dP" yakawedzerwa pa "apertures" diki.

Kana flash yaitika, chitubu chevharuvhu chiri mumuromo chinochisundira kuti chivharwe kudzivirira chero shanduko dzakadaro. Kudzvanywa kwemvura kunochinja panguva yekupenya, izvo zvinoita kuti chitubu chemuromo chivhare uye chidzvanye mvura zvakare. Mushure memaitiro aya, mvura inodzoka mumamiriro ayo emvura uye inogona kuumbwazve kuita chitonhodzi.

Ma "variable geometry" uye "back pressure" anoshandiswa ne "nozzles"

Vharuvhu rinodzora tsinga rinotungamira mvura kubva pamadziro epombi kuenda pakati pepombi. Nekushandiswa kwakasiyana kunouya nhamba dzakasiyana dzenzvimbo dzekupfapfaidza. Dhayamita yekubuda kwevharuvhu rinodzora ichawedzerwa zvakanyanya kuti isvike pahuwandu hwakawanda hwetsinga hunodiwa kana musiyano wekumanikidzwa kwetsinga wakakosha. Kuti mvura yakapfapfaidzwa ive yakaenzana uye yakakwana, maburi akawanda anoiswa kutenderedza nzvimbo yekubuditsa mvura.

Kurongeka kwekugadzirisa kwakapfava muvharuvhu inotonga steam kunoita kuti ikwanise kushandiswa pakupisa kwakanyanya kwekushanda uye padanho rekumanikidzwa (kusvika kuANSI Class 2500 kana kupfuura).

Chimiro chevharuvhu yekudzora steam chinopa hunhu hweClass V sealing uye linear flow. Mavharuvhu ekudzora steam anowanzo shandisa ma digital valve controllers uye ma high performance pneumatic piston actuators kuti apedzise stroke yakazara mumasekondi asingasviki maviri uku achichengetedza high accuracy step response.
Mavharuvhu anotonga mhute anogona kupihwa sezvikamu zvakasiyana kana magadzirirwo emapaipi achida izvozvo, zvichibvumira kudzora kumanikidzwa mumuviri wevharuvhu uye kubvisa kupisa kwakanyanya mufiriji yemhute iri pasi. Pamusoro pezvo, kana zvisingaite nemari, zvinokwanisikawo kubatanidza ma desuperheater eplug-in nemiviri yevharuvhu yakakandwa yakatwasuka.