1 Mapoinzi akakosha ekusarudza valve

1.1 Rondedzera chinangwa chevhavha mumidziyo kana mudziyo

Sarudza mamiriro ekushanda evhavha: chimiro chepakati chinoshandiswa, kushanda kwekushanda, kupisa kwekushanda uye nzira yekudzora kushanda, nezvimwewo;

1.2 Sarudza nemazvo rudzi rwevharuvhu

Kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwerudzi rwevharuvhu kunobva pakubata kwemugadziri kuzere kwemaitiro ese ekugadzira uye mamiriro ekushanda. Pakusarudza rudzi rwevharuvhu, mugadziri anofanira kutanga aziva maitiro ekugadzirisa uye kushanda kwevhavha yega yega;

1.3 Sarudza kuguma kwekubatanidza kwevhavha

Pakati pekubatanidzwa kwe threaded, flange yekubatanidza uye welding end connection, maviri ekutanga anonyanya kushandiswa. Mavharuvhu ane shinda anonyanya kuve mavharuvhu ane dhayamita rezita risingasviki 50mm. Kana hupamhi hwehupamhi hwakanyanya, kuiswa uye kuiswa chisimbiso chekubatanidza kwakaoma zvikuru. Mavharuvhu akabatanidzwa neFlange ari nyore kuisa nekuparadzana, asi anorema uye anodhura kupfuura mavharuvhu ane threaded, saka akakodzera kubatanidzwa kwepombi yemadhayamita akasiyana-siyana uye kumanikidza. Welding ma connections akakodzera kune inorema mitoro mamiriro uye akavimbika kupfuura flange kubatana. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kuparadzanisa uye kudzorerazve mavharuvhu akabatanidzwa ne welding, saka kushandiswa kwayo kunogumira kune nguva iyo inogona kazhinji kushanda yakavimbika kwenguva yakareba, kana kushandiswa kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye kutonhora kwakakwirira;

1.4 Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvevhavha

Pamusoro pekutarisa zvimiro zvemuviri (tembiricha, kudzvanywa) uye makemikari zvimiro (corrosiveness) yepakati yekushanda, kuchena kwepakati (kungave kune zvidimbu zvakasimba) kunofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi pakusarudza zvinhu zvevhavha shell, mukati memukati uye. kuisa chisimbiso pamusoro. Uye zvakare, iyo yakakodzera mirau yenyika uye yevashandisi dhipatimendi inofanirwa kuendeswa kwairi. Kwakaringana uye zvine musoro kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvevharuvhu zvinogona kuwana zvakanyanya hupfumi hwehupenyu hwesevhisi uye kuita kwakanakisa kwevhavha. Kurongeka kwekusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvemuviri wevhavha ndeye: simbi-kabhoni simbi-simbi isina tsvina, uye sarudzo yekusarudza yekuvhara mhete zvinhu ndeye: rubber-copper-alloy steel-F4;

1.5 Zvimwe

Mukuwedzera, chiyero chekuyerera uye chiyero chekumanikidza kwemvura inoyerera kuburikidza nevhavha inofanira kusarudzwa, uye vheji yakakodzera inofanira kusarudzwa uchishandisa ruzivo rwuripo (zvakadai sevhavha chigadzirwa catalogs, valve product samples, nezvimwewo).

2 Nhanganyaya kune Common Valves

Kune marudzi akawanda evhavha, uye marudzi acho akaoma. Mhando huru ndidzogedhi mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ekumisa, mavharuvhu anotsikisa,butterfly mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu eplug, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu emagetsi, diaphragm mavharuvhu, cheki mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, mavharuvhu ekuderedza kumanikidza,steam misungo uye mavharuvhu ekukurumidzira ekuvhara,pakati pawo anowanzo shandiswa mavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu ekumira, mavharuvhu anotsikisa, mavharuvhu epuragi, mavharuvhu eshavishavi, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu echeki, uye mavharuvhu ediaphragm.

2.1 Gedhi Vavhavha

Varuvhu yegedhi ivharuvhu ine muviri wekuvhura nekuvhara (vharuvhu ndiro) inofambiswa nedzinde revharuvhu uye inofamba ichikwira nekudzika nepamusoro pechisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu, iyo inogona kubatanidza kana kucheka nzira yemvura. Kuenzaniswa nevhavha yekumisa, vheji yegedhi ine kushanda kwekuvhara zvirinani, kushomeka kwemvura, kushomeka kwekuedza mukuvhura nekuvhara, uye ine kumwe kugadzirisa kuita. Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa mavharuvhu ekuvhara. Izvo zvisingabatsiri hukuru hukuru, chimiro chakaoma kupfuura chivharo chekumisa, kupfeka nyore kwechisimbiso chepamusoro, uye kugadzirisa kwakaoma. Kazhinji haikodzeri kupuruzira. Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yeshinda pane gedhi revhavha hunde, inogona kupatsanurwa mumhando mbiri: inosimuka dzinde rudzi uye yakavanzwa dzinde rudzi. Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro chegedhi ndiro, inogona kukamurwa kuva mhando mbiri: wedge mhando uye parallel mhando.

2.2 Kumisa vharafu

Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhainovhara,iyokuvhura nekuvhara(valve disc) inofambiswa netsinde yevharuvhu kuti ifambe ichikwira nekudzika pamwe neaxis yechigaro chevharuvhu (sealing surface). Kuenzaniswa nevhavha yegedhi, ine maitiro akanaka ekugadzirisa, kusasimba kwekuisa chisimbiso, chimiro chiri nyore, kugadzira uye kugadzirisa zviri nyore, kupikisa kukuru kwemvura, uye mutengo wakaderera. Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharwe,inowanzo shandiswa pakati nediki dhayamita mapaipi.

2.3 Bhora vharafu

Zvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara zvevharuvhu yebhora mabhora ane denderedzwa kuburikidza nemaburi, uye bhora rinotenderera nedzinde revharuvhu kuti rione kuvhurwa nekuvhara kwevharuvhu. Ivhavha yebhora ine chimiro chakareruka, kukurumidza kushandura, kushanda kwakakodzera, hukuru hudiki, uremu huremu, zvikamu zvishoma, kupikisa kuduku kwemvura, kuvhara kwakanaka, uye kugadzirisa nyore.

2.4 Throttle valve

Kunze kwevhavha disc, iyo throttle valve ine chaizvo chimiro chakafanana sevhavha yekumisa. Ivhavha disc yaro inhengo ye throttling, uye maumbirwo akasiyana ane maitiro akasiyana. Iyo dhayamita yechigaro chevharuvhu haifanire kunge yakakura, nekuti kureba kwayo kwekuvhura idiki uye kuyerera kwepakati kunowedzera, nekudaro kukurumidza kukukurwa kwevhavha disc. Iyo throttle valve ine diki diki, huremu huremu, uye yakanaka yekugadziridza kuita, asi kugadzirisa kurongeka hakuna kukwirira.

2.5 Plug valve

Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharu inoshandisa plug body ineburi neburi sechikamu chinovhura nekuvhara,uye muviri weplug unotenderera nedzinde revharuvhu kuti uwane kuvhura nekuvhara. Iyo plug valve ine chimiro chakareruka, kukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara, kushanda kuri nyore, kushomeka kwemvura inodzivirira, mashoma mashoma, uye huremu huremu. Plug mavharuvhu anowanikwa akatwasuka-kuburikidza, matatu-nzira, uye mana-nzira mhando. Yakatwasuka-kuburikidza neplug mavharuvhu anoshandiswa kucheka yepakati, uye nzira nhatu uye nzira ina-mavharuvhu epuragi anoshandiswa kushandura mafambiro epakati kana kutsausa pakati.

2.6 Butterfly valve

Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhapu inotenderera 90° ichitenderedza akisi yakamisikidzwa mumutumbi wevharuvhu kuti ipedze kuvhura nekuvhara basa. Ivharuvhu yeshavishavi idiki muhukuru, yakareruka muhuremu, iri nyore muchimiro, uye ine zvikamu zvishoma chete.

Uye inogona kukurumidza kuvhurwa uye kuvharwa nekutenderera 90 °, uye iri nyore kushanda. Kana vharuvhu yeshavishavi iri payakavhurika zvakazara, ukobvu hweshavishavi ndiro ndiyo chete inopikisa kana yepakati ichiyerera nepakati pemuviri wevharuvhu. Nokudaro, kudonhedzwa kwemhepo kunogadzirwa nevhavha iduku zvikuru, saka ine maitiro akanaka ekudzora kuyerera. Butterfly mavharuvhu akakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzekuisa chisimbiso: elastic nyoro chisimbiso uye simbi yakaoma chisimbiso. Kune elastic seal mavharuvhu, mhete yekuisa chisimbiso inogona kuisirwa mukati memuviri wevharuvhu kana kusungirirwa kumucheto kwefurafura. Iyo ine yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso uye inogona kushandiswa kupuruzira, pamwe neyepakati vacuum mapaipi uye corrosive media. Mavharuvhu ane zvisimbiso zvesimbi kazhinji ane hupenyu hwesevhisi hwakareba kupfuura mavharuvhu ane elastic seal, asi zvakaoma kuwana chisimbiso chakazara. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa muzviitiko apo kuyerera uye kudonha kwekumanikidza kunosiyana zvakanyanya uye yakanaka throttling performance inodiwa. Metal seals inogona kuenderana nepamusoro tembiricha yekushanda, nepo elastic seals ine hurema hwekuganhurwa netembiricha.

2.7 Cheka vharafu

Cheki vharuvhu ivharuvhu inogona kudzivirira otomatiki kuyerera kwemvura. Ivhavha disc yevhavhavhavhavha inovhura pasi pechiito chekumanikidza kwemvura, uye mvura inoyerera ichibva kudivi rekupinza kuenda kudivi rekubuda. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kudivi rekupinza kwakadzikira pane kudivi rekubuda, dhisiki yevharuvhu inovhara otomatiki pasi pekuita kwezvinhu zvakaita senge fluid pressure musiyano uye giravhiti rayo kudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura. Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro, yakakamurwa kuita yekusimudza cheki vharafu uye swing cheki vharafu. Iyo yekusimudza cheki vharafu ine chisimbiso chirinani pane swing cheki vharafu uye yakakura kupikisa mvura. Pachiteshi chekusveta chepombi yekusveta pombi, valve yetsoka inofanira kusarudzwa. Basa rayo ndere: kuzadza pombi inopinza pombi nemvura isati yatanga pombi; kuchengetedza pombi inopinza uye pombi muviri uzere nemvura mushure mekumisa pombi kugadzirira kutangazve. Varuvhu yetsoka inowanzoiswa chete papombi yakatwasuka papombi inopinza, uye yepakati inoyerera kubva pasi ichienda kumusoro.

2.8 Diaphragm valve

Chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara chevharuvhu ye diaphragm irabha diaphragm, iyo inosungirirwa pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu nevhavhavhavhavha.

Chikamu chinoputika che diaphragm chinogadziriswa pavhavha yevhavha, uye muviri wevhavha wakagadzirirwa nerabha. Sezvo svikiro risingapindi mukati memukati wevhavhavhavha yevhavha, hunde yevharuvhu haidi bhokisi rekuisa. Iyo diaphragm valve ine chimiro chakareruka, yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso kuita, kugadzirisa kuri nyore, uye kushomeka kwemvura kuramba. Diaphragm mavharuvhu akakamurwa kuva weir mhando, yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nemhando, kurudyi-kona mhando uye yakananga yazvino mhando.

3 Mirayiridzo yekusarudza vharafu yakajairika

3.1 Mirairo yekusarudza vharafu yegedhi

Kazhinji, mavharuvhu emagedhi anofanira kusarudzwa kutanga. Pamusoro pemhepo, mafuta uye mamwe midhiya, mavharuvhu emagedhi akakodzerawo midhiya ine granular solids uye yakakwirira viscosity, uye akakodzera mavharuvhu emhepo uye yakaderera vacuum masisitimu. Kune midhiya ine zvimedu zvakasimba, muviri wevharuvhu wegedhi unofanirwa kunge uine rimwe kana maviri maburi ekugezesa. Kune yakaderera-tembiricha midhiya, yakaderera-tembiricha yakakosha gedhi valve inofanira kusarudzwa.

3.2 Mirai mirairo yekusarudza vharafu

Ivhavha yekumisa inokodzera mapaipi ane zvishoma zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira kwemvura, kureva kuti, kurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa hakufungidzirwe zvakanyanya, pamwe chete nemapaipi kana zvigadzirwa zvine high-temperature uye high-pressure media. Inokodzera chiutsi uye mamwe midhiya mapaipi ane DN <200mm; mavharuvhu madiki anogona kushandisa mavharuvhu ekumisa, senge mavharuvhu etsono, mavharuvhu emidziyo, sampling mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ekumanikidza, nezvimwewo; kumisa mavharuvhu ane kuyerera kwemutemo kana kumanikidza kudzorwa, asi kurongeka kwemutemo hakuna kukwirira, uye dhayamita yepombi idiki, saka mavharuvhu ekumisa kana mavharuvhu anopisa anofanira kusarudzwa; kune midhiya ine muchetura zvakanyanya, mavharuvhu akavharwa-akavharwa anofanira kusarudzwa; asi mavharuvhu ekumisa haafanire kushandiswa kune midhiya ine viscosity yakakwira uye midhiya ine zvimedu zviri nyore kudonha, uye hazvifanirwe kushandiswa semavharuvhu emhepo uye mavharuvhu epasi vacuum masisitimu.

3.3 Mirayiridzo yekusarudza vharafu yebhora

Mavharuvhu ebhora anokodzera kudzika-tembiricha, high-pressure, uye high-viscosity media. Mazhinji mavharuvhu ebhora anogona kushandiswa munhau ane akaturikwa akasimba particles, uye anogona zvakare kushandiswa kune hupfu uye granular media zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvechisimbiso; yakazara-channel bhora mavharuvhu haana kukodzera kuyerera kuyerera, asi akakodzera kune zviitiko zvinoda kukurumidza kuvhurwa nekuvhara, izvo zviri nyore kucheka kwekukurumidzira munjodzi; mavharuvhu ebhora anowanzo kukurudzirwa kune mapaipi ane chisimbiso chakasimba, kupfeka, shrinkage chiteshi, kukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara, yakakwira-kudzvanywa-kubvisa (yakanyanya kudzvanywa musiyano), yakaderera ruzha, gasification chiitiko, diki yekushandisa torque, uye diki mvura kuramba; bhora mavharuvhu akakodzera chiedza zvimiro, yakaderera-kudzvanya kucheka-kubvisa, uye corrosive media; bhora mavharuvhu ndiwo zvakare akanakisa mavharuvhu ekudzika-tembiricha uye yakadzika-inotonhora midhiya. Kune masisitimu epombi uye zvishandiso zvepasi-tembiricha media, yakaderera-tembiricha mavharuvhu ebhora ane mavharuvhu anovhara anofanira kusarudzwa; paunenge uchishandisa mavharuvhu ebhora anoyangarara, chigaro chevhavha chinofanirwa kutakura mutoro webhora uye svikiro rekushanda. Mavharuvhu makuru-diameter ebhora anoda simba rakakura panguva yekushanda, uye DN≥200mm mavharuvhu ebhora anofanira kushandisa giya rehonye; yakagadziriswa bhora mavharuvhu akakodzera zviitiko zvine madhayamita akakura uye kudzvinyirirwa kwakakwirira; uyezve, mavharuvhu ebhora anoshandiswa pamapombi ezvimisikidzo zvine muchetura zvakanyanya uye midhiya inobvira moto inofanira kunge iine zvimiro zvekudzivirira moto uye anti-static.

3.4 Sarudzo Yekuraira yeThrottle Valve

Throttle mavharuvhu akakodzera kune dzimwe nguva ane yakaderera yepakati tembiricha uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa, uye akakodzera zvikamu zvinoda kugadzirisa kuyerera uye kumanikidza. Izvo hazvina kukodzera kune midhiya ine yakakwira viscosity uye ine yakasimba particles, uye haina kukodzera mavharuvhu ekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe.

3.5 Kusarudzwa Mirayiridzo yePlug Valve

Plug valves akakodzera kune zviitiko zvinoda kukurumidza kuvhurwa nekuvhara. Iwo kazhinji haana kukodzera kupfuti uye yakakwirira-tembiricha midhiya. Iyo inoshandiswa kune midhiya ine yakaderera tembiricha uye yakakwirira viscosity, uye zvakare inokodzera midhiya ine yakaturikwa zvimedu.

3.6 Kusarudzwa Mirayiridzo yeButterfly Valve

Butterfly mavharuvhu akakodzera nguva dzine madhayamita mahombe (akadai seDN﹥600mm) uye zvimiro zvipfupi zvinodiwa pakureba, pamwe nenhambo dzinoda kudzora kuyerera nekukasika kuvhura nekuvhara. Iyo inowanzoshandiswa kune midhiya yakadai semvura, mafuta uye mhepo yakamanikidzwa ine tembiricha ≤80℃ uye zvinomanikidza ≤1.0MPa; sezvo shavishavi mavharuvhu ane zvakati wandei kumanikidzwa kurasikirwa zvichienzaniswa gedhi mavharuvhu uye bhora mavharuvhu, shavishavi mavharuvhu akakodzera pombi masisitimu ane lax kumanikidzwa kurasikirwa zvinodiwa.

3.7 Mirayiridzo Yekusarudza Yekutarisa Valve

Cheki mavharuvhu anowanzo akakodzera midhiya yakachena, uye haana kukodzera midhiya ine zvimedu zvakasimba uye yakakwirira viscosity. Kana DN≤40mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa cheki yekusimudza cheki (inobvumirwa chete kuiswa pamapombi akatwasuka); kana DN＝50～400mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa swing inosimudza cheki vharuvhu (inogona kuiswa pamapombi akachinjika uye akatwasuka. Kana yakaiswa papombi yakatwasuka, nzira yekuyerera yepakati inofanira kubva pasi kuenda kumusoro); kana DN≥450mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa buffer cheki vharafu; kana DN＝100～400mm, vharafu yekutarisa inogona kushandiswa zvakare; iyo swing cheki valve inogona kuitwa yakakwira zvakanyanya kushanda kumanikidza, PN inogona kusvika 42MPa, uye inogona kuiswa kune chero yekushanda svikiro uye chero yekushanda tembiricha renji zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana zvegoko uye zvisimbiso. Iyo yepakati imvura, chiutsi, gasi, corrosive medium, mafuta, mushonga, etc. The medium working tembiricha range iri pakati -196～800℃.

3.8 Diaphragm valve yekusarudza mirayiridzo

Diaphragm mavharuvhu akakodzera oiri, mvura, acidic midhiya uye midhiya ine zvinhu zvakamiswa zvine tembiricha yekushanda isingasviki 200 ℃ uye pressure isingasviki 1.0MPa, asi kwete yeorganic solvents uye yakasimba oxidants. Weir-type diaphragm mavharuvhu akakodzera kune abrasive granular media. Iyo inoyerera hunhu tafura inofanirwa kushandiswa pakusarudza weir-mhando diaphragm mavharuvhu. Yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nediaphragm mavharuvhu akakodzera kune viscous fluid, simende slurries uye sedimentary media. Kunze kwezvinodiwa chaizvo, mavharuvhu e diaphragm haafanire kushandiswa pamapaipi evacuum nemidziyo yevacuum.