1. Nhanganyaya yemavharuvhu egedhi

1.1. Nheyo yekushanda uye mashandiro emavharuvhu egedhi:

Mavharuvhu egedhi ndeemuboka remavharuvhu akachekwa, inowanzoiswa pamapaipi ane dhayamita inodarika 100mm, kuti icheke kana kubatanidza kuyerera kwemidziyo iri mupaipi. Nekuti dhisiki revharuvhu riri mumhando yegedhi, rinowanzonzi vharuvhu regedhi. Mavharuvhu egedhi ane zvakanakira zvekuchinjana kunochengetedza basa uye kuramba kuyerera kwakaderera. Zvisinei, nzvimbo yekuvharira inogona kusakara nekubuda mvura, kuvhurika kwayo kwakakura, uye kugadzirisa kwakaoma. Mavharuvhu egedhi haagone kushandiswa semavharuvhu anodzora uye anofanira kunge akavhurika zvizere kana kuti akavharwa zvizere. Nheyo yekushanda ndeiyi: kana vharuvhu regedhi ravharwa, hunde yevharuvhu inofamba ichidzika uye inovimba nenzvimbo yekuvharira vharuvhu regedhi uye nzvimbo yekuvharira chigaro chevharuvhu kuti ive yakatsetseka, yakati sandara uye inowirirana, inoenderana kudzivirira kuyerera kwemidziyo, uye inovimba ne wedge yepamusoro kuti iwedzere kuvharira. Chidimbu chayo chekuvharira chinofamba chakatwasuka pamutsetse wepakati. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemavharuvhu egedhi, anogona kukamurwa kuita wedge type uye parallel type zvichienderana nerudzi. Rudzi rwega rwega rwakakamurwa kuita single gate uye double gate.

1.2 Maumbirwo:

Muviri wevharuvhu yegedhi unozvivharira wega. Nzira yekubatanidza pakati pechifukidziro chevharuvhu nemuviri wevharuvhu ndeyekushandisa kudzvanya kwepakati pevharuvhu kudzvanya chifukidziro chekuvhara kuti zvizadzise chinangwa chekuvhara. Chifukidziro chevharuvhu yegedhi chakavharwa ne-asbestos packing ine simba rakawanda newaya yemhangura.

Chimiro chevharuvhu yegedhi chinonyanya kuumbwa nemuviri wevharuvhu, chifukidziro chevharuvhu, furemu, tsinde revharuvhu, madhisiki evharuvhu kuruboshwe nekurudyi, mudziyo wekuvharira zvinhu, nezvimwewo.

Zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu zvakakamurwa kuita simbi yekabhoni nesimbi yemhando ye alloy zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa uye tembiricha yemuchina wepaipi. Kazhinji, muviri wevharuvhu wakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvemhando ye alloy zvemavharuvhu akaiswa mumasisitimu emhepo inopisa zvikuru, t ＞ 450 ℃ kana kupfuura, senge mavharuvhu emhepo ebhoyira. Kune mavharuvhu akaiswa mumasisitimu emvura kana mapaipi ane tembiricha yepakati t ≤ 450 ℃, zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu zvinogona kunge zviri simbi yekabhoni.

Mavharuvhu egedhi anowanzoiswa mumapaipi emvura ine utsi ane DN≥100 mm. Madhayamita egadhi ari muWGZ1045/17.5-1 boiler muZhangshan Phase I ndeaya: DN300, DNl25 uye DNl00.

2. Maitiro ekugadzirisa mavharuvhu egedhi

2.1 Kubviswa kwevharuvhu:

2.1.1 Bvisa mabhoti ekugadzirisa efuremu yepamusoro yechifukidziro chevharuvhu, bvisa manuts emabhoti mana ari pachifukidziro chevharuvhu yekusimudza, tenderedza stem nut yevharuvhu nenzira yekutarisa wachi kuti uparadzanise furemu yevharuvhu kubva mumuviri wevharuvhu, wobva washandisa chishandiso chekusimudza kusimudza furemu pasi woiisa panzvimbo yakakodzera. Nzvimbo yestem nut yevharuvhu inofanira kuparadzaniswa uye kuongororwa.

2.1.2 Bvisa mhete inochengetedza iri pa valvu body inovhara mhete ine mativi mana, dzvanya chifukidziro chevharuvhu pasi nechishandiso chakakosha kuti pave nemukana pakati pechifukidziro chevharuvhu nemhete ine mativi mana. Wobva wabvisa mhete ine mativi mana muzvikamu. Pakupedzisira, shandisa chishandiso chekusimudza kusimudza chifukidziro chevharuvhu pamwe chete ne stem yevharuvhu ne valvu disc kubva mumuviri wevharuvhu. Isa panzvimbo yekugadzirisa, uye teerera kudzivirira kukuvara kwenzvimbo ye valvu disc joint.

2.1.3 Chenesa mukati memuviri wevharuvhu, tarisa mamiriro enzvimbo yechigaro chevharuvhu, uye sarudza nzira yekuchengetedza. Fukidza vharuvhu yakabviswa nechifukidziro chakakosha kana chifukidziro, uye simbisa chisimbiso.

2.1.4 Sunungura mahinji ebhokisi rekuputira riri pachifukidziro chevharuvhu. Gland rekuputira rakasununguka, uye hunde yevharuvhu yakarembera pasi.

2.1.5 Bvisa maclamp epamusoro nepazasi efuremu yedhisiki revharuvhu, bvisa, bvisa madhisiki evharuvhu kuruboshwe nerudyi, uye chengeta top negaskets zvemukati. Yera ukobvu hwese hwegasket uye nyora pasi.

2.2 Kugadziriswa kwezvikamu zvevharuvhu:

2.2.1 Nzvimbo yakabatana yechigaro chevharuvhu yegedhi inofanira kukuyiwa nechishandiso chakakosha chekukuya (pfuti yekukuya, nezvimwewo). Kukuya kunogona kuitwa nejecha rekukuya kana jira reemery. Nzira yacho zvakare kubva pakukora kusvika pakutsetseka, uye pakupedzisira kupukuta.

2.2.2 Nzvimbo yakabatana yedhisiki revharuvhu inogona kukuyiwa nemaoko kana nemuchina wekukuya. Kana paine makomba akadzika pamusoro, inogona kutumirwa kune lathe kana grinder kuti igadziriswe, uye inokwenenzverwa mushure mekunge zvese zvaenzaniswa.

2.2.3 Chenesa chifukidziro chevharuvhu uye chisimbiso chekuputira, bvisa ngura iri pamadziro emukati nekunze echisimbiso chekuputira, kuitira kuti chisimbiso chekuputira chigone kupinzwa zvakanaka muchikamu chepamusoro chechisimbiso chevharuvhu, icho chiri nyore kudzvanya chisimbiso chekuputira.

2.2.4 Chenesa chiputiriso mubhokisi rekuisa zvinhu muvharuvhu, tarisa kana mhete yechigaro chemukati chekuisa zvinhu yakagadzikana, nzvimbo iri pakati pegomba remukati nedanda inofanira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa, uye mhete yekunze nemadziro emukati mebhokisi rekuisa zvinhu hazvifanirwe kunamirwa.

2.2.5 Chenesa ngura iri pagland yekurongedza nepureti yekumanikidza, uye pamusoro payo panofanira kunge pakachena uye pasina kukanganiswa. Nzvimbo iri pakati peburi remukati regland nedanda inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa, uye rusvingo rwekunze nebhokisi rekuputira hazvifanirwe kunamirwa, zvikasadaro zvinofanira kugadziriswa.

2.2.6 Sunungura bhaudhi rehinge, tarisa kuti chikamu chakarukwa chasara uye nati yacho yapera. Unogona kuitenderedza zvishoma nezvishoma kumudzi webhaudhi neruoko, uye pini inofanira kutenderera nekuchinjika.

2.2.7 Chenesa ngura iri pamusoro pehunde yevharuvhu, tarisa kana yakakombama, uye ruramisa kana zvichidikanwa. Chikamu chetambo yetrapezoidal chinofanira kunge chisina tambo dzakatyoka uye dzakakuvara, uye isa upfu hwelead mushure mekuchenesa.

2.2.8 Chenesa rin'i ine mana-mu-imwe, uye pamusoro payo panofanira kunge pakanyatsotsvedzerera. Hapafanirwe kunge paine maburi kana makombama padenderedzwa.

2.2.9 Bolti yega yega yekunamira inofanira kucheneswa, nati inofanira kunge yakakwana uye inochinjika, uye chikamu chakarukwa chinofanira kuputirwa neupfu hwemutobvu.

2.2.10 Chenesa nzungu yemuti nebearing yemukati:

① Bvisa screws dzekugadzirisa stem nut locking nut pamwe nehomwe, wosunungura screw edge yelocking screw counterclockwise.

② Bvisa nzungu yemuti, bearing, uye disc spring, wozvichenesa neparafini. Tarisa kana bearing iri kutenderera zvakanaka uye kana disc spring yacho ine mitswe.

③ Chenesa nzungu yemuti, tarisa kana shinda yemukati ye bushing ladder isina kukuvadzwa, uye masikuruu ekugadzirisa ane homwe yacho anofanira kunge akasimba uye akavimbika. Kupera kwe bushing kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa, zvikasadaro inofanira kutsiviwa.

④ Isa bota pabearing woriisa mustem nut. Unganidza disc spring sezvinodiwa woiisazve zvakatevedzana. Pakupedzisira, ivhare nelock nut woigadzirisa zvakasimba ne screws.

2.3 Kuungana kwevharuvhu yegedhi:

2.3.1 Isa madhisiki evharuvhu kuruboshwe nekurudyi akakuyiwa pa stem clamp ring yevharuvhu woagadzirisa ne clamp dzepamusoro nedzepasi. Pamusoro pese pese uye magasket ekugadzirisa anofanirwa kuiswa mukati zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuongorora.

2.3.2 Isa tsinde revharuvhu nedhisiki revharuvhu muchigaro chevharuvhu kuti zviongororwe. Mushure mekunge dhisiki revharuvhu nepamusoro pechisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu zvanyatsobatana, nzvimbo yekuvhara dhisiki revharuvhu inofanira kunge yakareba kupfuura pamusoro pechisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu uye inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro. Zvikasadaro, ukobvu hwegasket riri pamusoro pepasi rose hunofanira kugadziriswa kusvika hwakakodzera, uye gasket rinomira rinofanira kushandiswa kuivhara kuti risadonha.

2.3.3 Chenesa muviri wevharuvhu, pukuta chigaro chevharuvhu nedhisiki revharuvhu. Wobva waisa stem yevharuvhu nedhisiki revharuvhu muchigaro chevharuvhu woisa chifukidziro chevharuvhu.

2.3.4 Isa chivharo chekuvharira pachikamu chinozvivharira chevharuvhu sezvinodiwa. Zvinodiwa pakuvharira uye huwandu hwemhete zvinofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro. Chikamu chepamusoro chekuvharira chinodzvanywa nemhete yekumanikidza uye pakupedzisira chinovharwa neplate yekufukidza.

2.3.5 Unganidzazve marin'i mana muzvikamu, uye shandisa rin'i yekuchengetedza kudzivirira kuti isadonha, uye simbisa nati yebhaudhi rinosimudza chifukidziro chevharuvhu.

2.3.6 Zadza bhokisi rekuvhara stem yevharuvhu nekuisa package sezvinodiwa, isa gland rezvinhu ne pressure plate, wobva wasimbisa ne hinge screws.

2.3.7 Unganidzazve furemu yevharuvhu, tenderedza tsinde revharuvhu repamusoro kuti furemu iwire pamusoro pevharuvhu, uye simbisa nemabhaudhi ekubatanidza kuti isadonhe.

2.3.8 Unganidzazve mudziyo wemagetsi wevharuvhu; sikuruu yepamusoro yechikamu chekubatanidza inofanira kusimbiswa kuti isadonhe, uye edza nemaoko kana switch yevharuvhu ichichinjika.

2.3.9 Zita revharuvhu rakajeka, rakakwana uye rakarurama. Zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza zvakakwana uye zvakajeka; uye zvakagamuchirwa uye zvakakodzera.

2.3.10 Kudzivirira mapaipi nemavharuvhu kwapera, uye nzvimbo yekugadzirisa yakachena.

3. Mitemo yehunhu hwekuchengetedza mavharuvhu egedhi

3.1 Muviri wevharuvhu:

3.1.1 Muviri wevharuvhu unofanira kunge usina zvikanganiso zvakaita semaburi ejecha, mitswe uye kukurwa kwevhu, uye unofanira kubatwa nenguva mushure mekuwanikwa.

3.1.2 Hapafanirwe kuva nemarara mumuviri wevharuvhu nepaipi, uye nzvimbo inopinzwa neinobuda hazvifanirwe kuvharwa.

3.1.3 Puragi iri pasi pemuviri wevharuvhu inofanira kuva nechokwadi chekuti yakavharwa zvakanaka uye hapana kubuda kwemvura.

3.2 Hunde yevharuvhu:

3.2.1 Dhigirii rekukotama kwesimbi yevharuvhu harifanirwe kudarika 1/1000 yehurefu hwese, zvikasadaro rinofanira kutwasanudzwa kana kutsiviwa.

3.2.2 Chikamu chetambo yetrapezoidal chemudzi wevharuvhu chinofanira kunge chisina zvikanganiso zvakaita semabhuruku akatyoka uye mabhuruku anoruma, uye kupera hakufanirwe kupfuura 1/3 yeukobvu hwetambo yetrapezoidal.

3.2.3 Pamusoro payo panofanira kunge pakanyatsonaka uye pasina ngura. Hapafanirwe kuva nengura inopwanyika uye kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo panosangana chisimbiso chekurongedza. Kudzika kwenzvimbo yekuora kwakaenzana kwe ≥0.25 mm kunofanira kutsiviwa. Kupera kwayo kunofanirwa kuve pamusoro pe ▽6.

3.2.4 Tambo yekubatanidza inofanira kunge isina kubatwa uye pini inofanira kunge yakasungirirwa zvakavimbika.

3.2.5 Musanganiswa wetsvimbo yekutema netsvimbo yekutema inofanira kuchinjika, isina kuvharika panguva yekukwesha zvizere, uye shinda inofanira kuputirwa neupfu hwemutobvu kuti iwedzere mafuta nekudzivirira.

3.3 Chisimbiso chekurongedza:

3.3.1 Kumanikidzwa kwepakeji netembiricha zvinoshandiswa zvinofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvevharuvhu. Chigadzirwa chinofanira kuperekedzwa nechitupa chekuenderana nacho kana kuongororwa nekuzivikanwa kunodiwa.

3.3.2 Zvinodiwa pakurongedza zvinofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nehukuru hwebhokisi rekuvharira. Mapaketi akakura zvakanyanya kana madiki zvakanyanya haafanirwe kushandiswa panzvimbo pezvo. Kureba kwekurongedza kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nehukuru hwevharuvhu, uye muganho wekusimbaradza kwekupisa unofanira kusiiwa.

3.3.3 Nzvimbo yekurongedza inofanira kuchekwa kuita chimiro chakaonda nekona ye45°. Nzvimbo dzekurongedza dzedenderedzwa rega rega dzinofanira kutenderedzwa ne90°-180°. Kureba kwenzvimbo yekurongedza mushure mekucheka kunofanirwa kunge kwakakodzera. Hapafanirwe kuva nemukana kana kupindirana panzvimbo yekurongedza kana yaiswa mubhokisi rekurongedza.

3.3.4 Mhete yechigaro chekurongedza negland rekurongedza zvinofanira kunge zvisina ngura. Bhokisi rekuputira rinofanira kunge rakachena uye rakatsetseka. Mukana uri pakati petsvimbo yegedhi nemhete yechigaro unofanira kuva 0.1-0.3 mm, usingapfuure 0.5 mm. Mukana uri pakati pegland rekuputira, muganhu wekunze wemhete yechigaro nemadziro emukati mebhokisi rekuputira unofanirwa kuva 0.2-0.3 mm, usingapfuure 0.5 mm.

3.3.5 Mushure mekunge mahinji mabhaudhi asimbiswa, ndiro yekumanikidza inofanira kuramba yakati sandara uye simba rekusimba rinofanira kunge rakafanana. Buri remukati repacking gland uye nzvimbo yakatenderedza vharuvhu inofanira kunge yakafanana. Packing gland inofanira kudzvanywa mupacking chamber kusvika 1/3 yekukwirira kwayo.

3.4 Kuvhara pamusoro:

3.4.1 Nzvimbo yekuvharira yedhisiki yevharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu mushure mekuongorora inofanira kunge isina mavanga nemakomba, uye chikamu chekubata chinofanira kunge chiine upamhi hwedhisiki yevharuvhu hunopfuura 2/3, uye kupedzisa kwenzvimbo yacho kunofanira kusvika ▽10 kana kupfuura.

3.4.2 Pakubatanidza dhisiki revharuvhu rekuyedza, ganda revharuvhu rinofanira kunge rakareba ne5-7 mm kupfuura chigaro chevharuvhu mushure mekunge dhisiki revharuvhu raiswa muchigaro chevharuvhu kuti rive nechokwadi chekuti rakavharwa zvakanaka.

3.4.3 Pakubatanidza madhisiki evharuvhu kuruboshwe nerudyi, nzira yekuzvigadzirisa inofanira kunge yakachinjika, uye mudziyo wekudzivirira kudonha unofanira kunge wakasimba uye wakavimbika. 3.5 Nzungu dzesimbi:

3.5.1 Tambo yemukati yebhandi inofanira kunge isina kubatanidzwa, isina mabuckles akatyoka kana asina kurongeka, uye kugadziriswa negoko kunofanira kuva kwakavimbika uye kwete kwakasununguka.

3.5.2 Zvinhu zvese zvinotakura zvinofanirwa kunge zvisina kukuvadzwa uye zvichitenderera zviri nyore. Hapafanirwe kuve nemavanga, ngura, ganda rakakora nezvimwe zvikanganiso pamusoro pemaoko emukati nekunze uye mabhora esimbi.

3.5.3 Chitubu chedhisiki chinofanira kunge chisina mitswe kana kucheneruka, zvikasadaro chinofanira kutsiviwa. 3.5.4 Masikuruu ekugadzirisa pamusoro penati inokiya haafanire kunge akasununguka. Nati yevharuvhu inotenderera nenzira inochinjika uye inoita kuti pave nekubuda kweaxial isingapfuuri 0.35 mm.