A gedhi vharafuivharuvhu inoshandiswa nevakawanda-chinangwa iyo inowanzozivikanwa. Inonyanya kushandiswa mune metallurgical, kuchengetedza mvura, uye mamwe zvikamu. Musika wacho wakabvuma huwandu hwayo hwakawanda hwekuita. Pamwe chete nekudzidza vharafu yegedhi, yakaitawo ongororo yakadzama pamusoro pemashandisirwo nekugadzirisa mavharuvhu egedhi.

Izvi zvinotevera tsananguro yakakura yedhizaini mavharuvhu ', application, troubleshooting, quality control, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

chimiro

Ivhavha yegedhichimiro chinosanganisira ndiro yegedhi uye chigaro chevhavha, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kuvhura uye kuvhara kwevhavha. Izvo zvakakosha zvevhavha yegedhi zvinosanganisira muviri wayo, chigaro, gedhi ndiro, dzinde, bonnet, stuffing bhokisi, kurongedza gland, stem nut, handwheel, zvichingodaro. Saizi yechiteshi inogona kuchinja uye chiteshi chinogona kuvharwa zvichienderana nekuti chinzvimbo chegedhi uye chigaro chevharuvhu chinoshanduka sei. Nzvimbo yekubatanidza yeplate yegedhi uye chigaro chevharuvhu chakatsikirirwa kuitira kuti vharafu yegedhi ivhare zvakasimba.

Mavharuvhu egedhiinogona kupatsanurwa kuita mapoka maviri: wedge mhando uye parallel mhando, zvichienderana neakasiyana maumbirwo emavharuvhu egedhi.

Gedhi rakaita seweji remagedhi evharuvhu seals (anovhara), uchishandisa mukaha wakaita seweji pakati pegedhi nechigaro chevharuvhu, inoumba kona yeoblique ine mutsara wepakati wechaneli. Zvinokwanisika kuti ndiro yewedge ive negondohwe rimwe chete kana maviri.

Kune mhando mbiri dzemavharuvhu egedhi anoenderana: ane nzira yekuwedzera uye isina, uye nzvimbo dzekuisa chisimbiso dzakatenderedza kumutsara wepakati wechiteshi uye dzakafanana kune imwe neimwe. Makondohwe maviri ane nzira yekuparadzira aripo. Maweji emakondohwe maviri anoenderana anotambanudzwa pachigaro chevharuvhu achitarisana negiredhi kuti avhare mugero wekuyerera makondohwe achidzika. Mikova namasuwo zvichazaruka kana makondohwe asimuka. Iyo wedge inotsigirwa nemukuru wegedhi ndiro, iyo inokwira kune yakapihwa kureba uye inoparadzanisa nzvimbo inofananidzwa yeplate. Gedhi rakapetwa kaviri pasina mashandiro ekuwedzera rinoshandisa kudzvanywa kwemvura kumanikidza gedhi rinopesana nemuviri wevharuvhu padivi rekubuda kwevharuvhu kuitira kuvhara mvura kana ichitsvedza muchigaro chevharuvhu ichitevedza zvigaro zviviri zvakafanana.

Mavharuvhu emagedhi akapatsanurwa kuita mapoka maviri: anokwira stem mavharuvhu egedhi uye anoviga stem mavharuvhu egedhi zvichienderana nekuti hunde revharuvhu rinofamba sei kana gedhi ravhurwa nekuvharwa. Kana vharuvhu yegedhi inosimuka yakavhurwa kana kuvharwa, ndiro yegedhi netsinde revharuvhu zvese zvinosimuka nekudonha panguva imwe chete. Kusiyana neizvi, kana yakavanzwa stem gedhi vharafu inovhurwa kana kuvharwa, gedhi ndiro rinongosimuka nekudonha uye hunde yevharuvhu inotenderera chete. Kubatsira kwekusimuka kwegedhi revhavha yevhavha ndeyokuti kureba kwakagarwa kunogona kuderedzwa apo kureba kwekuvhura kwegwati kunogona kutariswa nekukwira kwechitsigiro chevhavhavhavha.Vhara valve nekutenderedza handwheel kana kubata counterclockwise uchitarisana nayo.

Nheyo dzekusarudzwa kwevhavha yegedhi uye mamiriro

V-shaped gedhi valve

Zvikumbiro zve slab gedhi mavharuvhu zvinosanganisira:

(1) Ivhavhavha yegedhi ine maburi anochinjisa inoita kuti zvive nyore kuchenesa mapaipi anotakura gasi chaiwo neoiri.

(2) Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mafuta dzakanatswa uye mapaipi.

(3) Zvishandiso zveoiri uye gasi kuburitsa zviteshi.

(4) Particle-yakazadzwa yakamiswa pombi masisitimu.

(5) Pombi yekufambisa gasi yemuguta.

(6) Pombi dzemvura.

Iyo slab gedhi vharafu nzira yekusarudza:

(1) Shandisa mavharuvhu egedhi rimwe chete kana maviri emapaipi anotakura gasi chaiwo neoiri. Shandisa vharafu regedhi rakavhurika dzinde rakafuratira vharafu kana kuchenesa pombi kuchidikanwa.

(2) Mavharuvhu egedhi rakatsetseka ane gondohwe rimwe chete kana gondohwe rakapetwa kaviri asina maburi ekuchinjisa anosarudzwa papombi dzekufambisa oiri dzakanatswa uye midziyo yekuchengetedza.

(3) Gedhi rimwechete kana maviri gedhi slab gedhi mavharuvhu ane yakavanzika tsvimbo inoyangarara zvigaro uye maburi ekutsaudzira anosarudzirwa oiri negasi rekuchera chiteshi chekugadzira.

(4) Mavharuvhu egedhi akaita sebanga anosarudzirwa mapaipi ane midhiya yakamiswa.

Shandisa gedhi rimwechete kana gedhi rakapetwa rakapfava-rakavharika rodhi rakafuratira mavharuvhu egedhi remapaipi ekufambisa gasi mumadhorobha.

(6) Gedhi rimwechete kana mavharuvhu egedhi regedhi ane tsvimbo dzakashama uye pasina maburi ekuchinjisa anosarudzwa pakuisa mvura yemupombi.

wedge gedhi vharafu

Mamiriro ekushandiswa kwewedge gedhi mavharuvhu: Ivhavhavha yegedhi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando yevharuvhu. Kazhinji kutaura, haigone kushandiswa kudzora kana kupuruzira uye inokodzera chete kuvhura kuzere kana kuvhara kuzere.

Wedge gedhi mavharuvhu anowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekushanda akaoma uye pasina zvirambidzo zvakasimba zvezviyero zvekunze zvevharuvhu. Semuenzaniso, zvikamu zvekuvhara zvinodiwa kuchengetedza kuvharwa kwenguva refu kana svikiro rekushanda riri zvese tembiricha yakanyanya uye kudzvanywa.

Kazhinji, inorayirwa kushandisa wedge gedhi valve apo mamiriro ebasa anodana kushanda kwechisimbiso kwakavimbika, high pressure, high pressure cut-off (yakawanda pressure difference), low pressure cut-off (small pressure difference), low sound, cavitation uye vaporization, tembiricha yepamusoro, tembiricha yepakati, kana tembiricha yakaderera (cryogenic). Maindasitiri mazhinji anoshandisa mainjiniya emvura uye ekuchenesa tsvina, anosanganisira indasitiri yemagetsi, kunyungudutsa peturu, indasitiri yepetrochemical, oiri yekumahombekombe, budiriro yemadhorobha, indasitiri yemakemikari, nezvimwe.
Sarudzo yesarudzo:

(1) Zvinodiwa zvezvinhu zvevhavha fluid. Mavharuvhu egedhi anosarudzirwa maapplication uko kune kushoma kuyerera kupikisa, yakakura kuyerera kugona, yakanakisa kuyerera maitiro, uye zvakaomesesa zvekuisa chisimbiso.

(2) Medium ine high pressure uye tembiricha. senge tembiricha yakanyanya, mafuta ekumanikidza, uye high pressure steam.

(3) A cryogenic (yakaderera-tembiricha) yepakati. semuenzaniso mvura haidrojeni, okisijeni yemvura, mvura ammonia, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

(4) Yakakwirira dhayamita uye yakaderera kudzvinyirira. zvakadai sekugezwa kwesuweji uye zvemvura.

(5) Saiti yekuisa: Sarudza yakavanzika stem wedge gedhi valve kana iyo yekuisa kureba yakamanikidzwa; sarudza yakafumurwa stem wedge gedhi vharafu kana isiri.

(6) Wedge gedhi mavharuvhu anoshanda chete kana achigona kuvhurwa zvizere kana kuvharwa zvakazara; hazvigoni kugadziridzwa kana kutsiviwa.

Zvakajairika Mhosho uye Kugadzirisa

common gedhi valve nyaya uye zvikonzero zvadzo

Nyaya dzinotevera dzinogara dzichimuka mushure mekushandiswa kwevharuvhu yegedhi nekuda kwekukanganisa kweyepakati tembiricha, kudzvanywa, ngura, uye kufamba kwakasiyana kwezvikamu zvekusangana.

(1) Leakage: Kubuda kwekunze uye kubuda kwemukati ndiwo mapoka maviri. Kubuda kwekunze ndiyo izwi rekudonha kune kunze kwevharuvhu, uye kubuda kwekunze kunowanzo onekwa mumabhokisi ekuisa zvinhu uye flange kubatana.

Iyo gland inotakura yakasununguka; pamusoro pevhavha stem inokweshwa; rudzi kana kunaka kwekuputira hakugutse zviyero; iyo stuffing iri kuchembera kana hunde yevharuvhu yakuvadzwa.

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kukonzera kudonha pakubatana kweflange: kusakwana gasket zvinhu kana saizi; urombo flange sealing surface processing quality; mabhaudhi ekubatanidza zvisina kufanira; pombi yakarongedzwa zvisina musoro; uye yakawandisa yakawedzera mutoro unogadzirwa pakubatanidzwa.

Zvikonzero zvekubuda kwevharuvhu mukati zvinosanganisira: Kudonha kwemukati kunounzwa nekuvharika kwevharuvhu kunounzwa nekukuvadzwa kwenzvimbo yekuvharisa yevharuvhu kana kuti midzi yakarembera yerin'i yekuvharisa.

(1) Muviri wevharuvhu, bhoneti, dzinde revharuvhu, uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso cheflange kazhinji zvinonangwa nekuora. Chiito chepakati uye ion inoburitswa kubva kune mafiritsi uye gaskets ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera ngura.

(2) Kukwenya: Kukoromoka kwenzvimbo kana kusvuura pamusoro kunoitika apo chigaro chevharuvhu negedhi zvinofamba zvichifambirana pazvinenge zvichisangana.

Kugadziriswa kwevhavha yegedhi

(1) Kugadzirisa kubuda kwevharuvhu yekunze

Kudzivirira gland kuti isarereke uye kusiya mukaha wekubatana, mabhoti egland anofanirwa kuve akaenzana asati amanikidza kurongedza. Kuti udzivise kukanganisa kutenderera kwehunde yevhavha, zvichiita kuti kurongedza kupere nekukurumidza, uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwesevhisi yekurongedza, tsinde yevharuvhu inofanirwa kutenderedzwa ichimanikidza kurongedza kuita kuti kurongedzerwa kwairi yunifomu uye kudzivirira kumanikidza kubva pakunyanya kusimba. . Iro hunde revharuvhu rinokweshwa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti yepakati ibude. Usati washandiswa, chidzitiro chevharuvhu chinofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti chibvise zvikwambo kubva pamusoro payo.

Kana iyo gasket yakakuvadzwa, inofanira kuchinjwa. Kana zvinhu zvegasket zvakasarudzwa zvisina kunaka, chinhu chinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa chinofanira kusarudzwa. Kana iyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro pekugadzirisa mhando iri subpar, iyo nzvimbo inofanirwa kubviswa uye kugadziriswa. Kusvikira yave yakakodzera, iyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso inodzokororwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, kusimba kwebhaudhi yeflange, kuvakwa kwepombi kwakakodzera, uye kudzivirira kuwedzeredza kwakawedzera kushushikana pakubatana kweflange kunobatsirawo kudzivirira kudonha kwekubatanidza kweflange.

(2) Kugadzirisa vharafu yemukati inodonha

Kana mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichisungirirwa pandiro yevharuvhu kana chigaro nekutsikirira kana shinda, kugadzirisa kwemukati kudonhedza kunosanganisira kubvisa yakakanganisika yekuisa chisimbiso uye yakasununguka mudzi wemhete yekuisa chisimbiso. Iko hakuna nyaya ine midzi yakasununguka kana kuvuza kana iyo yekuvharisa ichibva yagadziriswa pamutumbi wevharuvhu uye ndiro yevharuvhu.

Kana nzvimbo yekuvhara yakanyatsogadziriswa pamutumbi wevhavha uye nzvimbo yekuvhara yakakanganiswa zvakanyanya, iyo yakakanganiswa yekuisa chisimbiso inofanira kubviswa kutanga. Kana nzvimbo yekuvhara yakaumbwa nemhete yekuvhara, mhete yekare inofanira kubviswa uye mhete itsva yekuvhara inofanira kupiwa. Mhete itsva yekuisa chisimbiso inofanira kubviswa, uye ipapo nzvimbo yakagadziriswa inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo itsva yekuisa chisimbiso. Kukuya kunogona kubvisa zvikanganiso panzvimbo yekuvharisa iyo isingasviki 0.05mm muhukuru, kusanganisira makwara, mapundu, kupwanya, dents, uye kumwe kukanganisa.

Mudzi wemhete yekuvhara ndipo panotangira kubuda. Tetrafluoroethylene tepi kana chena gobvu pendi inofanira kushandiswa pachigaro chevharuvhu kana pasi pegoroko remhete yemhete yekuisa chisimbiso kana yakagadziriswa nekutsikirira. Kana mhete yekuisa chisimbiso yaiswa, PTFE tepi kana chena gobvu pendi inofanira kushandiswa pakati peshinda kumisa mvura kuti isabude pakati peshinda.

(3) Kugadzirisa mavharuvhu ane ngura

Dzinde revharuvhu rinowanzo kubirwa, asi muviri wevharuvhu nebhoneti zvinowanzoita marara. Zvigadzirwa zvekuora zvinofanira kubviswa zvisati zvagadziriswa. Kana dzinde revharuvhu riine makomba egomba, rinofanira kugadzirwa palathe kuti ribvise kuora mwoyo uye rozadzwa nezvinhu zvinozobuda zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva. Neimwe nzira, iyo yekuzadza inofanira kucheneswa nemvura yakasvibiswa kuti ibvise chero ipi zvayo yekuzadza iyo inogona kukuvadza tsinde yevharuvhu. inokuvadza ions.

(4) Kubata madhingi panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso

Edza kudzivirira kukwenya nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso paunenge uchishandisa vharafu, uye chenjera kuti usaivhara ne torque yakawandisa. Kukuya kunogona kubvisa zvigwere panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso.

Kuongorora mavharuvhu mana emagedhi

Iron gedhi mavharuvhu anoita chinhu chakakosha chemusika uye zvinodiwa nemushandisi mazuva ano. Iwe unofanirwa kuve neruzivo nekuongorora kwemhando yechigadzirwa pamwe nechigadzirwa pachacho kuti uve akabudirira emhando yechigadzirwa inspector.

zvinhu zvekuongorora simbi gedhi vharafu

Zviratidzo, hushoma hwemadziro ukobvu, kudzvanywa bvunzo, goko bvunzo, nezvimwe ndizvo zvakakosha zvikamu. Kukora kwemadziro, kudzvanywa, uye bvunzo yegomba zviri pakati pazvo uye zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuongorora. Zvigadzirwa zvisina kukodzera zvinogona kuongororwa zvachose kana paine zvinhu zvisina kukodzera.

Muchidimbu, zvinoenda pasina kutaura kuti kuongororwa kwemhando yechigadzirwa ndiyo nhanho yakakosha yekuongororwa kwakazara kwechigadzirwa. Chete nekunyatsonzwisisa zvinhu zvakaongororwa tinogona kuita basa rekuongorora riri nani. Sevashandi vemberi vekuongorora, zvakakosha kuti tirambe tichivandudza hunhu hwedu.