Basic terminology

1. Kuita kwesimba

Kushanda kwesimba kwevharuvhu kunotsanangura kugona kwayo kutakura kumanikidzwa kwepakati. Kubvamavharuvhuzvinhu zvemichini izvo zviri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemukati, zvinofanirwa kuve zvakasimba uye zviome zvakakwana kuti zvishandiswe kwenguva yakareba pasina kutyora kana kukanganisa.

2. Kuita chisimbiso

Iyo inonyanya kukosha tekinoroji performance index yevharafundiko kuisa chisimbiso kwayo, iyo inoyera kuti chikamu chega chega chekuisa chisimbiso chevharafuinodzivirira kubuda kwepakati.

Ivhavha ine zvikamu zvitatu zvekuisa chisimbiso: kubatana pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu nebhoneti; kusangana pakati pekuvhura nekuvhara zvikamu uye maviri ekuisa chisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu; uye nzvimbo inoenderana pakati pekurongedza uye vharafu hunde uye stuffing bhokisi. Yekutanga, inozivikanwa seyemukati trickle kana sleek close, inogona kukanganisa kugona kwemudziyo kuderedza pakati.

Kubuda kwemukati hakubvumidzwe mumavharuvhu akachekwa. Kutyoka kuviri kwekupedzisira kunonzi kudonha kwekunze nekuti iyo yepakati inopinda kubva mukati mevharuvhu ichienda kunze kwevharuvhu mune izvi zviitiko. Kudonha kunoitika pavanenge vari pachena kunokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwezvinhu, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika.

Kubuda kwemvura hakugamuchirwe kune zvinhu zvinobvira, zvinoputika, zvine chepfu, kana radioactive, saka vharafu inoda kushanda zvakavimbika kana ichivharika.
3. Kuyerera kwepakati

Nemhaka yokuti vheji ine kumwe kupikisa kuyerera kwepakati, pachava nekurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa mushure mokunge mhepo inopfuura nayo (kureva, mutsauko wekumanikidzwa pakati pemberi uye kumashure kwevhavha). Iyo yepakati inofanira kushandisa simba kuti ikunde kuramba kwevharuvhu.

Paunenge uchigadzira uye kugadzira mavharuvhu, zvakakosha kuderedza kupikisa kwevhavha kumvura inoyerera kuitira kuchengetedza simba.

4. Kuvhura nekuvhara simba uye kuvhura nekuvhara torque

Simba kana torque inodiwa kuvhura kana kuvhara valve inonzi inovhura nekuvhara torque uye simba, zvichiteerana.
Paunenge uchivhara vharuvhu, imwe simba rekuvhara uye torque yekuvhara inofanira kuiswa kuitira kuti igadzire chaiyo yekuisa chisimbiso pakati pezvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekuisa chisimbiso chechigaro, pamwe nekuvhara maburi pakati pevharuvha stem uye. kurongedza, tambo dzehunde yevharuvhu uye nati, uye chitsigiro chiri kumagumo ehunde yevharuvhu uye kukwesha kwemamwe mativi ekukwesha.

Iyo inodiwa yekuvhura nekuvhara simba uye kuvhura nekuvhara torque shanduko sezvo vharuvhu inovhurika nekuvhara, inosvika pakukwirira kwayo panguva yekupedzisira yekuvhara kana kuvhurwa. nguva yekutanga ye. Edza kudzikisa simba rekuvhara uye kuvhara torque yemavharuvhu uchigadzira nekuagadzira.

5. Kuvhura nekuvhara nekukurumidza

Nguva inodiwa kuti valve iite kuvhura kana kuvhara kufamba inoshandiswa kumiririra kuvhura uye kuvhara nekukurumidza. Kunyange zvazvo kune mamwe mamiriro ekushanda ane maitiro chaiwo ekuvhura uye kuvhara kwevhavhavha, kazhinji kutaura hakuna miganhu chaiyo. Mamwe magonhi anofanira kuzarura kana kuvhara nokukurumidza kudzivirira njodzi, asi mamwe anofanira kuvhara zvishoma nezvishoma kudzivirira sando yemvura, nezvimwewo. Pakusarudza rudzi rwevhavha, izvi zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo.

6. Chiito chekunzwa uye kuvimbika

Iyi ireferensi yekupindura kwevharuvhu kune shanduko mune zvemukati. Kunzwa kwavo uye kuvimbika kwakakosha kwehunyanzvi hwekuita zviratidzo zvemavharuvhu anoshandiswa kushandura epakati paramita, senge throttle mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ekudzikisa mavharuvhu, uye mavharuvhu ekudzora, pamwe nemavharuvhu ane chaiwo mabasa, senge mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza uye matepi emhepo.

7. Upenyu hwebasa

Inopa nzwisiso yehupenyu hurefu hwevharuvhu, inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha chekuita chiratidzo chevhavha, uye yakakosha zvakanyanya mune zvehupfumi. Inogonawo kuratidzwa nehuwandu hwenguva iyo iri kushandiswa. Iyo inowanzo kuratidzwa nehuwandu hwekuvhura nekuvhara nguva dzinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuisa chisimbiso.

8. Type

Valve classification yakavakirwa pabasa kana akakosha maitiro ehunhu

9. Muenzaniso

Huwandu hwemavharuvhu hwakavakirwa pamhando, nzira yekufambisa, mhando yekubatanidza, hunhu hwemagadzirirwo, zvinhu zvechigaro chevhavha chisimbiso chepamusoro, kudzvanywa kwezita, nezvimwe.

10. Saizi yekubatanidza
Valve uye pombi yekubatanidza zviyero

11. Primary (generic) dimensions

kuvhura kwevharuvhu uye kureba kwekuvhara, dhayamita yevhiri reruoko, saizi yekubatanidza, nezvimwe.

12. Mhando yekubatanidza

akati wandei maitiro (kusanganisira welding, threading, uye flange yekubatanidza)

13.Chisimbiso bvunzo

muedzo wekusimbisa kushanda kwevhavha yekuisa chisimbiso cheviri, kuvhura nekuvhara zvikamu, uye zvese.

14.Back chisimbiso bvunzo

bvunzo yekusimbisa hunde hwevharuvhu uye kugona kwebhoneti yekuvharisa kugona kunama.

15.Seal test pressure

kumanikidzwa kunodiwa kuita chisimbiso bvunzo pavhavha.

16. Yakakodzera pakati

Mhando yepakati iyo valve inogona kushandiswa pairi.

17. Kushanda tembiricha (tembiricha yakakodzera)

Iyo tembiricha yemhando yepakati iyo valve yakakodzera.

18. Kuvhara chiso

Zvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara uye chigaro chevharuvhu (muviri wevharuvhu) zvakasungirirwa zvakasimba, uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekubatana dzinoita basa rekuvhara.

19. Zvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara (disc)

izwi remubatanidzwa rechikamu chinoshandiswa kumisa kana kudzora kuyerera kwepakati, senge gedhi riri muvharuvhu regedhi kana dhisiki muvharuvhu yemhepo.

19. Packaging

Kuti umise svikiro kubva pahunde yevharuvhu, isa mubhokisi rekuisa (kana kuti stuffing box).

21. Seat kurongedza

chikamu chinosimudza kurongedza uye kuchengetedza chisimbiso chayo.

22. Gland yekurongedza

izvo zvinoshandiswa kuvhara kurongedza nekuzvimanikidza.

23. Bracket (joko)

Inoshandiswa kutsigira stem nut uye zvimwe zvekutumira masystem pabhoneti kana muviri wevharuvhu.

24. Saizi yechiteshi chekubatanidza

majoini maitiro ezviyero pakati pevharuvha stem musangano uye kuvhura nekuvhara zvikamu.

25. Kuyerera nzvimbo

inoshandiswa kuverengera theoretical displacement pasina kupokana uye inoreva kune diki-sectional nzvimbo (asi kwete iyo "keteni" nzvimbo) pakati pevharuvhu inopinza uye yekuvharisa pamusoro pechigaro chevharuvhu.

26. Kuyerera kwedhayamita

inoenderana nedhayamita yenzvimbo yekumhanya.

27. Zvimiro zvekuyerera

Iro hukama hwebasa pakati pekubuda kwekumanikidza kwevhavha yekudzikisa uye chiyero chekuyerera chiripo munzvimbo yakadzikama yekuyerera, uko inlet pressure uye mamwe ma parameter anogara aripo.

28. Kubviswa kwemaitiro ekuyerera

Kana chiyero chekuyerera kwevhavha yekudzikisa inoshanduka munzvimbo yakadzikama, kubuda kwemhepo kunoshanduka kunyange apo inlet pressure uye zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoramba zviripo.

29. General valve

Ivhavhavha rinowanzo shandiswa mumapaipi munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri.

30. Self-acting valve

vharafu yakazvimirira inotsamira pakukwanisa kwepakati (mvura, mhepo, mhepo, etc.) pachayo.