1 Pfungwa huru dzekusarudza mavharuvhu

1.1 Tsanangura chinangwa chevharuvhu mumudziyo kana mudziyo

Sarudza mamiriro ekushanda kwevharuvhu: rudzi rwenzvimbo inoshanda, kumanikidzwa kwekushanda, tembiricha yekushanda uye nzira dzekudzora mashandiro, nezvimwewo;

1.2 Sarudzo chaiyo yerudzi rwevharuvhu

Chinodiwa kuti mugadziri asarudze rudzi rwevharuvhu nemazvo ndechekuti anzwisise zvizere maitiro ese ekugadzira nemamiriro ekushanda. Kana vagadziri vakasarudza mhando dzevharuvhu, vanofanira kutanga vanzwisisa hunhu hwemaumbirwo uye mashandiro evharuvhu yega yega;

1.3 Sarudza nzira yekugumisa vharuvhu

Pakati pekubatanidza kwakagadzirwa neshinda, kubatana kweflange, uye kubatana kwekupedzisira kwakasungirirwa, zviviri zvekutanga ndizvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa.Mavharuvhu ane shindaMavharuvhu anonyanya kuve nedhayamita shoma iri pasi pe50mm. Kana dhayamita yacho yakakura zvakanyanya, zvichave zvakaoma kuisa nekuvhara kubatanidza. Mavharuvhu ekubatanidza eFlange ari nyore kuisa nekuputsa, asi akakura uye anodhura kupfuura mavharuvhu ane shinda, saka akakodzera kubatanidza mapaipi ane dhayamita dzakasiyana dzemapaipi nekumanikidzwa. Mabatanidzwa akasungirirwa akakodzera mamiriro ekutakura anorema uye akavimbika kupfuura kubatanidza maflange. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kupatsanura nekudzoreredza mavharuvhu akasungirirwa, saka kushandiswa kwawo kunogumira mumamiriro ezvinhu apo anogona kushanda zvakavimbika kwenguva yakareba, kana apo mamiriro ekushanda akaoma uye tembiricha yakakwira;

1.4 Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvevharuvhu

Pakusarudza zvinhu zvekugara kwevharuvhu, zvikamu zvemukati uye nzvimbo dzekuvhara, pamusoro pekufunga nezvehunhu hwemuviri (tembiricha, kumanikidzwa) uye hunhu hwemakemikari (kuora) kwenzvimbo yekushanda, kuchena kwenzvimbo (kuvapo kana kusavapo kwezvikamu zvakasimba) kunofanirawo kufungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, unofanirawo kutarisa mitemo yakakodzera yenyika nedhipatimendi revashandisi. Kusarudzwa kwakarurama uye kwakaringana kwezvinhu zvevharuvhu kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu inogara kwenguva refu uye kushanda kwakanakisa. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu ndekwekuti: simbi yakakandwa-simbi kabhoni-simbi isina tsvina, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zverin'i yekuvhara ndekwekuti: simbi yerabha-mhangura-alloy-F4;

1.5 Zvimwe

Pamusoro pezvo, mwero wekuyerera kwemvura uye mwero wekumanikidzwa kwemvura inoyerera nepavharuvhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa uye vharuvhu yakakodzera inosarudzwa uchishandisa ruzivo rwuripo (rwakadai semakatalogu ezvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu, sampuro dzezvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu, nezvimwewo).

2 Nhanganyaya yemavharuvhu anoshandiswa kazhinji

Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu, anosanganisira mavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu eglobe, mavharuvhu ethrottle, mavharuvhu eshavishavi, mavharuvhu eplug, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu emagetsi, mavharuvhu ediaphragm, mavharuvhu ekutarisa, mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, mavharuvhu ekuderedza kumanikidzwa, misungo uye mavharuvhu ekukurumidza kuvharwa, pakati pawo anowanzo shandiswa. Kune mavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu eglobe, mavharuvhu ethrottle, mavharuvhu eplug, mavharuvhu eshavishavi, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu ekutarisa, mavharuvhu ediaphragm, nezvimwewo.

2.1Vharuvhu yegedhi

Vharuvhu yegedhi inoreva vharuvhu ine muviri wekuvhura nekuvhara (plate yevharuvhu) inofambiswa netsinde yevharuvhu uye inofamba ichikwira nekudzika pamusoro pechisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu kuti ibatanidze kana kudimbura nzira yemvura. Kana tichienzanisa nemavharuvhu ekumisa, mavharuvhu egedhi ane mashandiro ari nani ekuvhara, anodzivirira mvura zvishoma, haashande nesimba pakuvhura nekuvhara, uye ane mashandiro ekugadzirisa. Ndiwo mamwe emavharuvhu ekumisa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Dambudziko nderekuti yakakura muhukuru uye yakaoma muchimiro kupfuura vharuvhu yekumisa. Nzvimbo yekumisa iri nyore kupfeka uye yakaoma kuchengetedza, saka kazhinji haina kukodzera kudhonzwa. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yeshinda patsinde yevharuvhu yegedhi, yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: rudzi rwetsinde rakavhurika uye rudzi rwetsinde rakavigwa. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwechisimbiso chegedhi, rinogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: rudzi rwewedge uye rudzi rweparallel.

2.2Vharuvhu yekumisa

Vharuvhu yepasi ivharuvhu inovhara ichidzika. Zvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara (madhisiki evharuvhu) zvinofambiswa netsinde yevharuvhu kuti zvifambe zvichikwira nekudzika zvichitevedza axis yechigaro chevharuvhu (sealing surface). Zvichienzaniswa nemavharuvhu egedhi, ane mashandiro akanaka ekudzora, mashandiro asina kunaka ekusunga, chimiro chiri nyore, kugadzirwa uye kugadziriswa kuri nyore, kuramba mvura yakawanda, uye mutengo wakaderera. Ivharuvhu yekumisa inoshandiswa kazhinji, inowanzo shandiswa mumapaipi ane dhayamita yepakati nediki.

2.3 Vharuvhu yebhora

Chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara chevharuvhu yebhora ibhora rine gomba rakatenderera. Bhora rinotenderera netsinde yevharuvhu kuti rivhure nekuvhara vharuvhu. Vharuvhu yebhora ine chimiro chiri nyore, kuvhura nekuvhara nekukurumidza, kushanda kuri nyore, saizi diki, huremu hwakareruka, zvikamu zvishoma, kuramba mvura kudiki, kuvhara zvakanaka uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore.